碱度对常低温处理生活污水亚硝化的影响  

Effect of alkalinity on partial nitrification of domestic sewage at ordinary and low temperatures

作　　者：张肖静[1] 李冬[2] 周利军[2] 程庆锋[1] 范丹[2] 张杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学城市水资源与水环境国家重点实验室,哈尔滨150090 [2]北京工业大学水质科学与水环境恢复工程北京市重点实验室,北京100124

出　　处：《哈尔滨工业大学学报》2013年第4期38-43,共6页Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50878003);教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划(NCET-10-0008);北京市自然科学基金项目(8092006);国家重大科技专项水专项(2012ZX07202-005);城市水资源与水环境国家重点实验室(哈尔滨工业大学)开放基金(QAK201005)

摘　　要：为探究碱度对亚硝化过程的影响及通过碱度控制亚硝化出水比例的可行性,在序批式反应器(SBR)内快速启动亚硝化后考察不同进水碱度和氨氮比下的氨氮转化率、氨氮氧化速率及微生物活性.结果表明,硝化污泥经高氨氮预驯化可以实现亚硝化的快速启动,亚氮积累率维持在96%以上.碱度不足时,氨氮转化率与进水碱度和氨氮比成线性关系.周期试验表明,碱度可以指示亚氮质量浓度,碱度小于50 mg/L将导致氨氮氧化停止,比无机碳源质量摩尔浓度小于3.0 mmol·g-1将导致微生物数量及活性降低.实际运行中,可以通过碱度有效控制出水亚硝化比例.To study the effect of alkalinity on partial nitrification （PN） and the feasibility to control the ratio of nitrite to ammonia in effluent, the PN was rapidly started-up in a sequencing batch reactor. The ammonia conversion rate, ammonia oxidation rate and the microbial activity were investigated in different ratio of the inflow alkalinity to ammonia. Results showed that the PN could be achieved quickly by pre-cuhivating the sludge with high ammonia nitrogen, and over 96% nitrite accumulation rate was sustained. The rate can be controlled flexibly with the liner relationship between ammonia conversion and the ratio of alkalinity to ammonia while alkalinity is insufficient. Cycling experiments show a good indication of alkalinity on nitrite, the alkalinity less than 50 mg/L will stop the ammonia oxidation, and the inorganic carbon less than 3.0 mmol g-1 will lead to the reduction of microbial population and activity. In actual operation, the ratio of nitrite to ammonia in effluent can be effectively controlled by the alkalinity.

关 键 词：碱度 碱度和氨氮比 序批式反应器 常低温 生活污水 亚硝化 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]