沥青质和胶质对辽河稠油乳状液破乳的影响  

Influence of asphaltene and colloid on demulsification of Liaohe heavy oil emulsions

作　　者：刘立新[1] 刘顺平[1] 王丹丹 陈娟娟[1] 金鑫[1] 赵晓非[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北石油大学化学化工学院石油与天然气化工省重点实验室,黑龙江大庆163318 [2]中国石油大庆油田有限责任公司第九采油厂,黑龙江大庆163511

出　　处：《化工科技》2013年第2期8-12,共5页Science & Technology in Chemical Industry

基　　金：黑龙江省教育厅项目"工业污水乳化油水界面特性及反相破乳机理"分支项目

摘　　要：针对辽河曙光稠油乳状液粘度大、破乳难、破乳温度高等问题,以曙光稠油为研究对象,从中分离出沥青质和胶质,用傅里叶变换红外光谱法分析其主要官能团,考察沥青质和胶质对稠油乳状液粘度及破乳效果的影响。测定了不同含量胶质、沥青质对稠油油/水界面张力的影响。结果证实,沥青质比胶质含有羟基多,分子间氢键作用强烈,更容易造成原油粘稠。随着w(胶质)、w(沥青质)升高,稠油乳状液脱水率降低,w(沥青质)超过2.1%,或w(胶质)超过32%时,稠油乳状液的破乳十分困难。w(胶质)、w(沥青质)的增高会使破乳剂水溶液与原油的界面张力增大,w(沥青质)增加0.7%比w(胶质)增加7%原油的界面张力升高还要大,所以w(沥青质)的增加对油水界面张力影响更大。In this paper, Aiming at heavy oil emulsions has high viscosity and high demulsification tem- perature, and it is difficult to demulsification in Shuguang Liaohe. the research was focused on the Shu- guang heavy oil, asphaltene and colloid sample were separated from Shuguang heavy oil. The main functional group of colloid and asphaltene of crude oil was analysed by FT-IR, and its effect on viscosi- ty of crude oil was studied. Water/crude oil interracial tension from crude oil emulsions in the presence of the different concentrations of demulsifiers was measured, and the influence of colloid, asphaltene on the interracial tension of heavy oil-in-water emulsion was investigated. The results showed that, The or more than 32% colloid, emulsion of ultra-heavy oil in demulsification is quite elusive. That colloid and asphaltene content rises would involve interracial tension between demulsifying agent water solu- tion and crude oil increase, Asphahene content was increased 0. 7% has more effects on crude oil interfacial tension than colloid content increased 7%, so the increase of the content of asphaltene has grea- ter impact on interracial tension between model oil and aqueous phase.

关 键 词：稠油乳状液 沥青质 胶质 粘度 界面张力 破乳 

分 类 号：TE345[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]