福岛核事故期间北京市辐射环境应急监测与评价  

Emergency Monitoring and Evaluation of Beijing Radiation Environment During the Fukushima Nuclear Accident

作　　者：李雪贞[1] 王海鹏[1] 顾洪坤[1] 宋福祥[1] 张轶名[1] 李元森[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市辐射安全技术中心,北京100089

出　　处：《核电子学与探测技术》2013年第2期194-197,共4页Nuclear Electronics & Detection Technology

摘　　要：就福岛核事故发生后北京市所做的辐射应急监测工作(3月12日至5月22日)做了回顾,分析了核事故放射性核素释放的特点及照射途径,介绍了γ辐射剂量率连续自动监测、气溶胶、土壤等监测内容及方法,对监测数据和福岛核电站核泄漏对环境的影响做了分析、评估,监测结果表明,γ辐射连续监测剂量率在北京市本底辐射水平范围之内,未见异常;产生放射性污染的核素为131I、137Cs和134Cs,在考虑空气浸没外照射和空气吸入内照射2种照射途径相加且同时存在3种核素时,对幼儿、少年和成人的有效剂量均低于天然本底年辐射剂量的万分之一,无需采取防护措施。The article presents a retrospect aiming at Beijing radiation emergency monitoring work （from 12 March to 22 May） after the Fukushima nuclear accident, analyses the character about this nuclear accident radionuelide discharge, introduces the monitoring objects and methods such as γ dose rate＇ s continuous automatic monitoring, aerosol monitoring and soil monitoring and so on. The monitoring data is analyzed and the influence of the leakage is evaluated. The monitoring results indicate that the range of γ continuous dose rate is in the range of Beijing background radiation level, the radionuclides are ^131I、^137 Cs and ^134 Cs. Based on the aerosol data, considering the external exposure from airborne radionuclide and internal exposure from inhalation, assuming the three radionuclides exist at the same time, the effective dose to infants, youths and adults are all lower than one of a million of effective natural background dose

关 键 词：核事故 辐射 应急监测 照射途径 有效剂量 

分 类 号：TL72[核科学技术—辐射防护及环境保护]