下沉式日光温室气温和土温时空变化特征研究  

Study on Spatiotemporal Variation of Air Temperature and Soil Temperature in Typical Solar Greenhouse in Tianjin Area

作　　者：刘淑梅[1] 薛庆禹[1] 李春[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津市气候中心,天津300074

出　　处：《天津农业科学》2013年第5期53-57,共5页Tianjin Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：科技部公益性行业专项(GYHY201006028);天津市农业科技成果转化与推广项目(201003020)

摘　　要：为了分析日光温室内气温和土温的时间和空间变化特征,在宝坻区设施农业园区土墙围护结构下沉式日光温室内分别于中部和东部近门处设置2组气温观测,观测点垂直分布5个高度点,距地面0～2.0m,间隔0.5m,每组从南至北设置5组,距南屋面交线1.7～9.5m,间隔1.7m。在温室中央进行地温观测,深度分别为0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4m,试验结果显示,温室内气温空间分布不均,南北向最高气温分布在温室中间,南北逐渐降低,温差为1.6～3.0℃;垂直向最高气温分布在0.5～1.5m,温度差为1.8～5.4℃,近门处气温最低。土温变化较小,基本能满足蔬菜生长需求。建议靠近操作间20m范围内种植耐低温蔬菜为宜。In order to analyze the spatiotemporal variation of air temperature and soil temperature inner solar greenhouse, the experiment of air temperature observation was carried out at the sunken walls structure solar greenhouse in Baodi agricultural demonstration park. There were two groups of the observation that was in the central of solar greenhouse, near the eastern door. The height of observation point was 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 m which was from the surface of soil, and there were 5 groups observation point from south to north of the solar greenhouse that the interval was 1.7 m （the span was 9.5 m） and soil temperature was determined in the middle of greenhouse, the depth of profiles was 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 m. The results showed that the spatial distribution of air temperature was uneven in solar greenhouse; the maximum air temperature distributed in the middle of the solar greenhouse; the air temperature reduced gradually from middle to north and south; the temperature difference from south to north was 1.6-3.0℃ in the solar greenhouse; the temperature difference from bottom to top of the solar greenhouse was 1.8-5.4℃. The verticality maximum air temperature point was at 0.5-1.5 m, whatever the temperature was the lowest near the door. So it suggested that we should plant the leafy vegetables in the area which the distance was 20 m from the flank wall of operating room.

关 键 词：日光温室 气温 土温 时间变化 空间分布 

分 类 号：S625[农业科学—园艺学]