海南省2009年麻疹监测结果与控制效果分析  

Analysis of surveillance and control effect of measles in Hainan Province in 2009

作　　者：何剑[1] 曾雪霞[1] 莫少雄[1] 潘正帆[1] 陈海云[1] 潘婷婷[1] 李俊[1] 李位鸿[1] 邓海英[1] 孙莲英[1] 

机构地区：[1]海南省疾病预防控制中心免疫规划科,海南海口570203

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2013年第10期1949-1951,1954,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金项目(30872)

摘　　要：目的分析海南省2009年麻疹监测数据,为海南省证实实现消除麻疹目标提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法,分析评价海南省2009年麻疹监测系统报告数据及实施消除麻疹行动计划效果,疑似病例采集血清标本统一在2d内送达麻疹监测实验室检测麻疹、风疹IgM抗体,实验统一采用德国赛润验试剂并按说明书使用。结果海南省2009年仍以"发热出疹"为麻疹疑似监测病例,共监测报告疑似病例142例,报告发病率为1.61/10万,报告市县18个,覆盖率为94.7%。采集疑似病例血标本122份,标本采集率为85.9%,实验室检测麻疹IgM抗体阳性4份,阳性率为3.28%,风疹IgM抗体阳性19份,阳性率为15.57%,病原学检测海南省麻疹病毒仍为H1a基因型。海南省2009麻疹发病率为0.48/100万,无死亡病例,病例均为本地人口,其中2例为成人,免疫史不详,2例儿童均接种过1剂次麻疹疫苗。海南省2009年抽样调查12～36月龄儿童麻疹疫苗合格接种率,其中基础免疫为99.19%,加强免疫为97.72%,两组儿童麻疹疫苗合格接种率差异有统计学意义,基础年龄组儿童的合格接种率高于加强组儿童(χ2=14.248,P﹤0.05)。调查100名初免儿童麻疹疫苗免疫成功率为99%;调查常住儿童958人、流动儿童162人,麻疹抗体阳性率分别为97.9%、98.8%,且两组儿童麻疹抗体阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.174,P﹥0.05);风疹抗体阳性率分别为79.7%、74.1%,且两组儿童风疹抗体阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ2=2.578,P﹥0.05)。结论海南省2009年麻疹发病率为0.48/100万,继续控制在WHO制定的消除麻疹指标1/100万以下,较全国提前实现了消除麻疹的目标。2009年麻疹监测结果证实适龄儿童麻疹疫苗接种率高、抗体阳性率处于高保护水平,是海南省提前2年实现消除麻疹目标的极其重要的因素。OBJECTIVE To analyze the measles surveillance data of Hainan Province in 2009, and provide the scientific basis for confirming the elimination of measles in Hainan Province. METHODS With descriptive epidemiology method, the reported data of measles surveillance system and the implementation effects of action plan to eliminate measles were analyzed and evaluat- ed in Hainan Province in 2009. The blood serum samples were collected all together to the ＂measles surveillance laboratory＂ in 2 days to test measles and rubella （German measles） IgM antibody. The reagents were unified by virion from German, and fol- low the instruction. RESULTS Hainan Province still took ＂heat rash＂ as the monitoring cases of suspected measles in 2009, a total of 142 suspected cases were reported, the incidence rate was 1.61/10 million, 18 cities and counties were reported and the coverage was 94.7%. 122 blood samples of suspected cases had been collected and the collection rate of specimen was 85.9%; 4 copies of measles IgM antibodies were positive and the positive rate was 3.28%; 19 copies of rubella IgM antibody were positive and the positive rate was 15.57%, and pathogen detection of measles virus was still Hla genotype in Hainan Province. The incidence rate of measles was 0.48/100million in Hainan Province in 2009 without death cases, and they were all local population, 2 adults with unknown immunization history ; Two cases of children had vaccinated 1 dose of measles vaccine. Hainan Province did the sample survey about eligible rate of measles vaccination for 12-36 months children in 2009, and the basic immunization was 99.19% and the strengthen immunization was 97.72%, Qualified measle vaccination rate of basic immu- nity group was higher than that of enhanced immunity group, and there was significant difference between two groups （X^2 =14.248, P 〈 0.05）. The success rate of 100 children with early measles vaccination was 99.00%; Measles antibody positive rates of 958 residents and 162 migrants children were 97.9%

关 键 词：麻疹 监测 控制 效果 

分 类 号：R181.22[医药卫生—流行病学]