Effects of Spraying Nitrogen and Zinc Fertilizers after Flowering on Grain Weight and Nutritional Quality of Winter Wheat  

花后叶面喷施氮肥和锌肥对小麦粒重及营养品质的影响(英文)

作　　者：左毅[1] 马冬云[1] 马英[1] 张斌[1] 郭天财[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学,国家小麦工程技术研究中心,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《Agricultural Science & Technology》2013年第4期630-634,650,共6页农业科学与技术（英文版）

基　　金：Supported by Special Fund for S&R in the Public Interest(200903007);Special Fund in the Public Interest(201203013);Henan Key Project(102101110200)~~

摘　　要：In order to explore the effect of spraying fertilizers after flowering on grain weight and nutritional quality of different winter wheat cultivars, twenty wheat culti- vars in wheat zones along Yellow River and Huai River, were used to investigate the change of thousand kernel weight （TKW）, phytic acid content （PAC）, contents of Fe, Zn and Mg and bioavailability by spraying zinc and nitrogen fertilizers after flowering. The results showed that both of TKW and protein content in grains in- creased by spraying Zn and N fertilizers, and the effect of N fertilizer proved more significant. The PAC decreased significantly after Zn treatment, for example, PAC of ＂955159＂, a wheat cultivar, decreased by 27.95%. However, PAC was in- significantly influenced by N fertilizer. On the other hand, Zn content in wheat grains were improved after spraying Zn fertilizer and the increase aveaged 54.38%. Furthermore, Fe and Zn contents grew significantly after spraying N fertilizer, and the increase averaged 36.88% and 11.25% respectively. However, Mg content in grains declined by N fertilizer. Still, the bioavailability of zinc in grains was enhanced after spraying Zn fertilizer, and of Fe was also increased greatly after spraying N fertilizer. In conclusion, grain weight, and content and effectiveness of mineral ele-ments can be improved simultaneously by rational spraying of N and Zn fertilizers to improve quality of grains.为了解小麦花后叶面喷施氮,锌肥对粒重及营养品质的改善作用及品种间的响应差异,以黄淮麦区20个小麦品种为材料,分析了花后喷施氮肥或锌肥后小麦粒重,植酸含量、Fe、Zn、Mg元素含量及其生物有效性的变化。结果表明,花后喷锌,氮均可增加小麦千粒重和籽粒蛋白质含量,其中喷氮对籽粒蛋白质含量的提高效果大于锌肥,喷锌可使小麦籽粒植酸含量下降,其中品种955159降幅达27.95%,而喷氮对籽粒植酸含量影响较小。喷锌显著提高籽粒中Zn含量,平均增幅54.38%,喷氮则可以显著提高籽粒中Fe和Zn含量,平均增幅分别为36.88%和11.25%但降低了籽粒中Mg含量。喷锌可提高籽粒Zn的生物有效性,而喷氮可提高籽粒Fe的生物有效性,说明在小麦生育后期合理喷施氮肥和锌肥可以同时提高粒重及矿质元素含量和有效性,从而改善籽粒营养品质。

关 键 词：Winter wheat Spraying fertilizer after flowering Nitrogen and zinc fertil- izers Grain weight Nutrient elements 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]