西班牙桉树林下土小平盘菌复合群中两个独立的种——暗柔膜菌属一新组合及一新种:分类、分子生物学、生态与分布  

Phaeohelotium undulatum comb.nov.and Phaeoh.succineoguttulatum sp.nov.,two segregates of the Discinella terrestris aggregate found under Eucalyptus in Spain:taxonomy,molecular biology,ecology and distribution

作　　者：Hans-Otto BARAL Ricardo GALAN Gonzalo PLATAS Raúl TENA 

机构地区：[1]Blaihofstr.42,72074 Tübingen,Germ [2]Dpto.de Ciencias de la Vida,Facultad de Biología,Universidad de Alcala,28871 Alcala de Henares,Madrid,Spain [3]Fundacion MEDINA,Microbiología,Parque Tecnologico de Ciencias de la Salud,18016 Armilla,Granada,Spain [4]C/Arrenales del Portillo B,21,1o D,44003,Teruel,Spain

出　　处：《菌物学报》2013年第3期386-428,共43页Mycosystema

摘　　要：土小平盘菌复合群原产澳大利亚,其中两个土生种在西班牙报道,很可能是在18世纪中叶引入西班牙。根据形态学特征和序列分析的结果,建立一个新组合和一个新种,分别定名为Phaeohelotium undulatum comb.nov.和Phaeoh.succineoguttulatum sp.nov.。对其宏观和微观形态特征进行了详尽的描述和图示,ITS rDNA序列分析的结果显示,它们以100%的支持率与Phaeohelotium monticola聚类在同一个分支。文中提供了该复合群Phaeohelotium属5个土生种的分种检索表,并对它们的生态习性与世界分布进行了深入讨论。Two terricolous species of the Australasian Discinella terrestris aggregate are reported from Mediterranean eucalypt plantations on the Iberian Peninsula. The two species were recorded in Spain since 1996–97, but were possibly imported several decades earlier, perhaps already during the mid-eighteenth century. Their obvious restriction to Eucalyptus, presumably by mycorrhiza, is discussed. One of them （here named Phaeohelotium undulatum） possesses a yellow-ochraceous hymenium and amyloid asci, whereas the other （Phaeoh. succineoguttulatum） deviates by an ochre-brown hymenium due to abundant, refractive, yellowish-brown vacuolar guttules in the paraphyses, and by consistently inamyloid asci. Both species have asci arising from simple septa, a Hymenoscyphus-type of apical ring, ascospores that turn brown when overmature, and a gelatinized ectal excipulum of prismatic to hyphoid cells. Ecologically the two taxa are very similar, though Phaeoh. succineoguttulatum is adapted to a little cooler and more humid climate, following its occurrence in the north and northwest of Spain, though both species were sometimes recorded at the same site in the centre and south of Spain. Our molecular analysis revealed that these two species and a specimen from New Zealand, here accepted as Phaeohelotium confusum, form a clade with Phaeoh. monticola （which is currently believed to be conspecific with the type of Phaeohelotium, Phaeoh. flavum）, whereas a sequence gained by us from Discinella boudieri （type of Discinella） is quite distant from D. terrestris, clustering instead with Pezoloma ciliifera, a typical species of Pezoloma. The problematic generic limits around Hymenoscyphus, Cudoniella and Phaeohelotium are discussed. The Discinella terrestris aggregate is here transferred to Phaeohelotium, though this genus is apparently paraphyletic. Alternatively, Cudoniella or Hymenoscyphus could be extended to include the species of the Phaeohelotium clade. Based on morphological features as well as DNA sequences, we conc

关 键 词：子囊菌 外生菌根 桉属 南青冈属 外来真菌 过火生境群落 膜盘菌属 胶鞘盘菌属 半杯菌属 

分 类 号：Q949.32[生物学—植物学]