手工电弧焊作业场所电焊弧光对眼部损伤的调查  

Investigation of eye injury caused by welding arc in manual electric arc welding workplace

作　　者：林艳发 江伟[2] 谢薇 

机构地区：[1]广东省深圳市坪山新区疾病预防控制中心职业卫生科,518118 [2]深圳市龙岗区疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《职业与健康》2013年第9期1068-1069,共2页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的调查某机械制造企业手工电弧焊作业场所电焊弧光的危害现状,探讨电焊弧光所产生的紫外线对工人眼部的损害。方法检测电焊弧光的紫外线有效辐照度,对电焊工人进行眼部检查。结果电焊作业时,防护罩外紫外线有效辐射强度范围为512～720μW/cm2,防护罩内为0.05～0.12μW/cm2。防护罩外紫外辐射强度超过工作场所紫外辐射职业接触限值,防护罩内紫外辐射强度未超标。眼部检查发现电焊工人结膜、角膜、晶状体、眼底等有不同程度的病理改变。结论紫外线对眼部组织的损害不容忽视,应建立有效的预防措施,保护工人的身体健康。[ Objective] To investigate the status of hazards caused by welding arc in manual electric arc welding workplace in a ma-chinery manufacturing enterprise, discuss the damage on workers＇eyes from ultraviolet rays of welding arc. [ Methods ] The effective irradiance of the ultraviolet rays of welding arc was detected, and the eye examination was conducted among welding workers. [Results]The range of effective ultraviolet radiation on the inside of the shield was 0.05- 0.12 μW/cm^2, and that outside the shield was 512-720 μW/cm^2 during welding operation. The intensity of ultraviolet radiation on the inside of the shield met the occu- pational exposure limit, while that outside the shield was unqualified. Some welders had been found that varying degrees of patho-logical changes in their conjunctiva, cornea, lens and fundus. [ Conclusion ] The eye tissue damages caused by ultraviolet radiation should not be ignored, and it is necessary to develop the effective measures to protect the health of workers.

关 键 词：手工电弧焊 紫外线 眼部改变 

分 类 号：R135.92[医药卫生—劳动卫生]