纺织噪声对女工生殖功能的影响  

Effect of textile noise on female workers' reproductive function

作　　者：张诗军[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省深圳市龙岗区疾病预防控制中心公共卫生科,518172

出　　处：《职业与健康》2013年第9期1070-1072,共3页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的了解纺织噪声对女工生殖功能的影响。方法对304名从事纺织噪声作业的女工和203名对照女工进行职业流行病学调查。结果噪声暴露对女工生殖功能有明显影响。噪声强度达97～105 dB(A)的女工的腹痛(χ2=11.074,P<0.05)、烦躁(χ2<6.551,P<0.05)发生率及噪声强度达85～94 dB(A)的女工的腹痛(χ2=6.421,P<0.05)发生率均大于对照组,其他如痛经、腰痛、难产、妊娠高血压综合征、妊娠贫血等异常发生率观察组虽高于对照组但差异无统计学意义。随着工龄的延长,接噪女工出现生殖功能异常的概率明显升高,其中接噪工龄超过10 a的女工出现呕吐(χ2=11.074,P<0.01)、腰痛(χ2=8.86,P<0.01)、先兆流产(χ2=8.86,P<0.01)及死产[P=0.01(Fisher’s Exacttest)]的概率显著高于接噪工龄低于10 a的女工。结论噪声对女工生殖功能、妊娠结局有一定影响。[ Objective] To understand the effect of extile noise on female workers＇reproductive function. [ Methods] An occupational epidemiology survey was conducted in 304 female workers exposed to textile noise and 203 control female workers. [ Results] Noise exposure had an obvious effect on female workers＇ reproductive function. The incidence rates of stomachache （X^2 = 11. 074, P 〈 0. 05 ）, restlessness （ X^2 = 6. 551, P 〈 0. 05 ） of 97-105 dB （A） noise-exposed female workers and the incidence rate of stom-achache （X^2 = 6. 421, P 〈0. 051 of 85-94 dB（ A} noise-exposed female workers were significantly higher than those of control fe-male workers. The incidence rates of other indexes, including algomenorrhea, lumbago, dystocia, gestational hypertension and ane-mia of pregnancy, in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, but the differences between the two groups were not significant. The probability of abnormal reproduction function of noise-exposed female workers increased with the increas-ing of work years. The incidence rates of stomachache （ X^2 = 11. 074, P 〈 0. 01 ）, lumbago （ X^2 = 8.86 ,P 〈 0. 01 }, threatened a-bortion （ X^2= 8.86, P 〈 0.01 ） and stillbirth （ P 〈 0.01, Fisher＇s Exact test） of noise-exposed female workers with the working age o-ver 10 years were higher than those of noise-exposed female workers with the working age less than 10 years. [ Conclusion] Textile noise has certain effect on the reproduction function and pregnancy outcome of female workers.

关 键 词：噪声 接触女工 生殖功能 

分 类 号：R173[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]