1,3-丁二醇对PCL/MDI体系聚氨酯弹性体力学性能的影响  

Influence of 1,3-butanediol on mechanical properties of polyurethane elastomers based on PCL/MDI

作　　者：郝亚暾[1] 刘凉冰[1] 刘红梅[1] 郭秀鹏[1] 白绍敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西省化工研究所,山西太原030021

出　　处：《弹性体》2013年第2期36-39,共4页China Elastomerics

摘　　要：首先以聚己内酯多元醇(PCL)、4,4′-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)、液化MDI和MDI-50为原料合成聚氨酯(PU)预聚体,再用混合扩链剂制备聚氨酯弹性体。讨论了预聚体异氰酸酯基(NCO)含量、异氰酸酯类型、1,3-丁二醇(1,3-BDO)含量、聚酯软段相对分子质量对聚氨酯弹性体力学性能的影响。结果表明:提高预聚体NCO基含量可使弹性体的硬度、300%定伸应力、拉伸强度和撕裂强度明显提高,拉断伸长率和冲击弹性则下降;纯MDI弹性体综合力学性能最好,液化MDI次之,MDI-50最差;提高1,3-BDO含量可使弹性体的硬度、撕裂强度和冲击弹性明显下降;软段相对分子质量为1 000的聚氨酯弹性体的硬度、300%定伸应力、拉伸强度和撕裂强度较高,软段相对分子质量为2 000的聚氨酯弹性体的拉断伸长率和冲击弹性较高。Polyurethane prepolymer was synthesized by using 4,4＇-diphenylmethane diisoyanate （MDI）,liquidated-MDI,MDI-50 and poly-ε-eaprolactone glyeol（PCL） as raw materials. Polyurethane elastomers were prepared by using blend chain extenders. The influences of mass fraction of --NCO in prepolymer,types of isoeyanate, the mass fraction of 1,3-butanediol and molecular weight of soft segment on the mechanical properties of polyurethane elastomer were investigated. The results showed that the hardness, 300% modulus and tear strength were enhanced rapidly when percentage of NCO in prepolymer was increased, but elongation and impact elasticity decreased. The MDI / PU had the best mechanical property, liquidated-MDI/PU lower, MDI-50/PU was lowest. The hardness, tear strength and impact elasticity decreased rapidly when the mass fraction of 1,3-butanediol was increased. The PU made from Mn = 1 000 soft segment had higher hardness, 300% modulus, tensile strength and tear strength; the PU had higher elongation and impact elasticity when molecular weight of soft segment was Mn = 2 000.

关 键 词：聚氨酯 弹性体 聚ε-己内酯二醇 1 3-BDO MDI 力学性能 

分 类 号：TQ334.9[化学工程—橡胶工业]