滇西北亚高山不同退化群落植物生活型的特征研究  

Characteristics of Plant Life-form of Degraded Vegetations in Sub-alpine of Northwest Yunnan

作　　者：郭华 耿云芬[2] 张劲峰[2] 

机构地区：[1]迪庆州林业科学研究所,云南香格里拉674400 [2]云南省林业科学院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《西部林业科学》2013年第2期37-42,共6页Journal of West China Forestry Science

基　　金：云南省科技厅社会发展专项(2010CA010);国家林业局林业公益性行业科研专项(201204110)

摘　　要：以滇西北香格里拉亚高山的极度退化、重度退化、中度退化、轻度退化和未退化的5类森林群落为研究对象,采用典型样地法设置样地,测定其群落内植物的生活型特征。研究结果表明,滇西北亚高山不同程度退化林地中植物生活型由中高位芽、小高位芽、矮高位芽、地上芽、地面芽、地下芽、1年生植物共7大类组成。其中以地面芽植物占绝对优势;1年生植物、中高位芽植物和地下芽植物所占比例最小,未发现达到30 m的大高位芽植物。随着群落退化程度的减低,物种丰富度呈现先增加后下降的趋势;中高位芽和小高位芽植物显著增加。随着林地退化程度的加剧,地面芽植物的比例大幅度上升,并成为植物生活型组成的绝对优势成分。Five forest communities of extreme degraded forest, heavy degraded forest, medium degraded forest, light degraded forest and none degradation in sub-alpine of Northwest Yunnan were selected to set up study plots. Sample method was adopted to carry out comparative study on characteristics of plant life-form in the five degraded forests communities. The results showed that there were 7 life-forms in degraded forests, including meso-phanero- phytes, micro-phanerophytes, nanophanerophytes, chamaephytes, hemicryptophytes, geophytes and annuals, and hemieryptophytes were the dominate, the proportions of annuals, meso-phanerophytes and geophytes were the lowest, megaphanerophyte over 30 m was not found. With the reduction of degradation gradient in five sample forest communities, the species richness showed the tendency of first increase and then decrease in none degradation, the percentage of meso-phanerophytes and micro-phanerophytes significantly increased. With the aggravation of degra- dation, the proportion of hemicryptophyte obviously increased and became the dominant species of plant life-form composition.

关 键 词：滇西北 亚高山 退化群落 植物生活型 特征 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学] S718.54[农业科学—林学]