占婆国故地 婆尼教寻踪——越南本土化伊斯兰教初探  

Study on the Localization of Vietnam's Islam

作　　者：聂慧慧[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学外国语学院东南亚系

出　　处：《世界宗教研究》2013年第2期167-177,194,共11页Studies in World Religions

基　　金：国家社会科学基金艺术学项目"东南亚宗教艺术的特点及其在保持社会稳定中的作用"(项目编号:09CA068)阶段性成果

摘　　要：越南的伊斯兰教分为伊斯兰教和婆尼教两派,信徒基本上都是占族人。伊斯兰教在10世纪中叶就已经在越南得到较为广泛的传播,它是占族文化的重要组成部分。伊斯兰教作为一种外来宗教,来到那片曾被婆罗门教覆盖的占婆土地后,其传播、发展经历了一个本土化的过程。婆尼教作为越南伊斯兰教的一个分支,正是伊斯兰教本土化的一个典型,它表现为与当地的原始宗教、婆罗门教以及偶像崇拜、祖先信仰等传统文化相融合,又深受政治、历史、地理环境等因素的影响,形成了自己的特色。本文旨在通过对越南占族婆尼教的宗教观念、神职人员、宗教场所和宗教仪轨的特点进行初步的探究,来展示一个本土化、占族化的伊斯兰教——婆尼教。Vietnamese Islam has two factions:Cham Islam and Cham Bani,almost all believers of the two factions are Chams.At least in the mid-lOth century,Islam had been widely spread in Vietnam(exactly in Champa),it became an important part of the Champa culture.The Islam,as a foreign religion,after it came to the land which had been covered by Brahmanism,its propagation and development had, experienced a localized process.Cham Bani,as a branch of the Vietnamese Islam,it is a typical case of Islam localization.It merges with the local primitive religion,Brahmanism,and idolatry,ancestor beliefs and so on,also is affected by politics,history,geographical environment and other factors,then the Cham Bani forms characteristics of its own.This paper aims to preliminarily research the Vietnamese Cham Bani through religious ideas,clergy,religious place and rituals,and show a localized IslamCham Bani.

关 键 词：伊斯兰教 婆尼教 越南 本土化 

分 类 号：B969[哲学宗教—宗教学]