轻薄型回收金属破碎过程能耗研究  

Research on Energy Consumption of Light Metal Scrap Shredding Process

作　　者：李军[1] 刘剑雄[1] 杨邦成[2] 侯杰[2] 伞红军[1] 樊瑜瑾[1] 

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学机电工程学院,昆明650500 [2]昆明理工大学建筑工程学院,昆明650500

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2013年第8期71-77,83,共8页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50974068)

摘　　要：为解决报废汽车的破碎及回收处理问题,由标准拉伸试验获得随机抽取报废汽车轻薄型回收金属材料的力学性能参数,将材料的本构关系简化为双线性模型;利用自制试验装置进行报废汽车轻薄型回收金属摆锤式破碎试验。通过试验过程分析,将破碎过程划分为初始、中间、终了三个阶段;在三个阶段中,轻薄型金属材料发生了局部凹陷、整体弯曲和局部折弯变形,在凹陷变形处失稳、扩展、贯穿的裂纹不断扩展,直至大块的轻薄型回收金属被从其母体上撕裂下来。能量分析表明:整个破碎工具的能量主要被回收金属的弹塑性变形和破碎所消耗;通过简化模型,计算得到三部分弯曲变形的弹塑性弯曲功和回收金属破碎功。结果表明报废汽车回收金属破碎过程中,破碎工具的能量仅有部分用于回收金属破碎。To find solutions to shredding and recovery of end-of-life vehicles, by way of tensile test, the mechanical characteristics of the light metal scrap material from end-of-life vehicles are obtained, and the constitutive relations of materials are simplified as bilinear model; pendulum shredding impact test is completed by self-made testing equipment. Through analyzing the testing process, the shredding process is divided into the initial, intermediate, ending stages. At these stages, shredding tool leads to local sunken, overall bending and local bending deformation on light metal scrap, and the loss of stability, extension, connection, perforation happened on cracks tip of sunken deformation; after that single fragments are torn off from the large plate-shaped （sheet-like） of light metal scrap. The energy analysis shows that the energy is mainly consumed by elastic-plastic bending deformation and shredding of scrap material in the whole comminuting process. Through the simplified model, elastic-plastic power of bending deformation of three parts and shredding work are calculated. The results show the energy of shredding tool partially is used in light metal scrap shredding during the process of light metal scrap of end-of-life vehicles.

关 键 词：报废汽车 轻薄型回收金属 弯曲变形 弹塑性弯曲功 破碎功 

分 类 号：X734[环境科学与工程—环境工程]