典型洪水和干旱过程对湖泊湿地的生态作用  

Ecological Effect of Typical Flood and Drought Process on Lake Wetlands

作　　者：孙可可[1] 陈进[2] 

机构地区：[1]长江科学院水资源综合利用研究所,武汉430010 [2]长江科学院院长办公室,武汉430010

出　　处：《长江科学院院报》2013年第5期5-8,12,共5页Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目"基于分布式水文模拟的干旱发展过程分析及旱情评估方法"(51179012);水利部公益性行业专项"水资源优化配置数字化技术及示范研究"(201101004)

摘　　要：在分析水文过程、栖息地变化和湿地生态之间关系的基础上,指出洪水和干旱过程是驱动湿地过渡带生态过程的重要因子,对于湖泊湿地生态产生重要作用。选Okeechobee湖湿地为试验区,研究典型洪水和干旱过程下,不同频率水位的湖泊湿地淹没变化,分别从定量和定性角度,利用栖息地适宜指数模型评价下垫面变化的生态作用,分析产生生态作用的原因,并以实测候鸟资料验证结果。指出一定程度的洪水和干旱过程有利于过渡带生物物种的多样性。On the basis of analyzing the relationship among hydrological process, habitat variation and wetland ecol-ogy, it＇ s pointed out that flood and drought are important factors to drive the ecological process of wetland transitionzone. The Okeechobee lake in Florida is taken as a test area to study the variation of submerged transition zone area of lake wetland under different water level frequencies. The effect of underlying surface variation on the ecology is quantitatively and qualitatively evaluated by using HSI （Habitat Suitability Indices） model. The causes of the eco-logical effects are analyzed. Measured data of migratory birds are employed to calibrate the results. It is concluded that the typical moderate flood and drought process is favorable for the diversity of biological species in the wetland transition zone.

关 键 词：洪水过程 干旱过程 湖泊湿地 栖息地变化 生态作用 

分 类 号：P33[天文地球—水文科学] X37[水利工程—水文学及水资源]