碳酸盐岩缝合线研究及油气地质意义  

Research Status and Oil & Gas Geology Significance of Carbonate Rock Stylolite

作　　者：高岗[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)油气资源与探测国家重点实验室,北京102249

出　　处：《天然气地球科学》2013年第2期218-226,共9页Natural Gas Geoscience

基　　金：国家油气重大专项"海相碳酸盐岩油气资源潜力与大油气田形成条件;分布规律研究"(编号:2011ZX05004-001)资助

摘　　要：系统地阐述了碳酸盐岩缝合线的成因、类型、物质组成与成岩作用及其对碳酸盐岩地层厚度恢复、油气输导、储集和生排烃作用等方面影响的研究现状。认为缝合线的空间分布特征、类型与成因研究比较成熟,并明确了缝合线主要是应力与溶解作用的结果。缝合线主要由难溶的黏土矿物、石英、固体有机质、沥青以及次生的黄铁矿、方解石等组成,其形成导致了碳酸盐岩原始地层厚度的减小。次生改造作用使得缝合线对碳酸盐岩储集层油气聚集与输导具有重要作用。低有机质丰度背景上富含有机质的缝合线对于生排烃具有重要意义,但研究程度远远不够。碳酸盐岩缝合线对油气输导、储集的作用以及有机质富集特征与生排烃机理是今后应加强研究的重要领域。To understand petroleum geology role of carbonate rock stylolite,this paper stated the research advances of the cause, type, material composition and diagenesis of the carbonate rock stylolite and its role on the carbonate rock thickness recovering, generation, expulsion, migration and accumulation of petroleum. Research in the distribution, type and genesis of stylolite is relatively mature and it was concluded that stylolite resulted from the contact of stress and solution. Stylolites consisted of clay, quartz, solid organic matter, bitumen, and secondary minerals such as pyrite, calcite, etc. Its formation resulted in the reduction of carbonate rock thickness. Stylolites played an important role on the petroleum migration and accumulation due to secondary alteration. In the area with low abundance of organic matter, organic-rich stylolites had significant meaning to the generationexpulsion of hydrocarbons. However, the research was far from enough. In the future, more attention should he paid to the role of carbonate rock stylolites on the petroleum migration, accumulation, organic matter enrichment and mechanism of hydrocarbon generation ＆ expulsion.

关 键 词：碳酸盐岩 缝合线 压溶作用 酸不溶物 生排烃机理 

分 类 号：TE122.221[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]