铁尾矿重金属形态及其潜在迁移能力分析  

Analysis of Heavy Metals Forms and Their Potential Migration Abilities in Iron Ore Tailings

作　　者：尹春芹[1] 孙清斌[1] 李永达[1] 罗坤[1] 吴晓维[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖北理工学院环境科学与工程学院,湖北黄石435003

出　　处：《湖北理工学院学报》2013年第2期21-26,共6页Journal of Hubei Polytechnic University

基　　金：湖北省教育厅科学技术研究计划指导性项目(B类)(项目编号:B20093003);湖北省教育厅科学技术研究计划优秀中青年人才项目(项目编号:Q20093001);土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室开放基金(项目编号:0812201225)

摘　　要：采用改进的Tessier连续提取法,以小型铁尾矿库为研究对象,研究尾矿渣中重金属的不同形态(可交换态、碳酸盐结合态、铁锰氧化态、有机质结合态及残渣态)及其潜在迁移能力。结果表明,大冶市大广山、小雷山和铁子山附近的5座铁尾矿库尾矿渣中Cu和Cd的含量高,均超过国家土壤环境质量三级标准。大广山旧尾矿中的重金属以残渣态为主,新尾矿中铁锰氧化态重金属比例较大,有机质结合态、残渣态及碳酸盐结合态重金属次之。新尾矿中重金属的潜在迁移能力与旧尾矿不同,二者潜在迁移能力的强弱顺序分别为Zn>Cu>Fe>Pb>Cd和Fe>Zn>Pb>Cd>Cu。新尾矿重金属的潜在迁移能力要高于旧尾矿。虽然Cd的潜在迁移能力较弱,但由于矿渣中Cd的含量大,生物毒性也大,因此其存在的潜在环境危害不容忽视。Using the improved Tessier sequential extraction method, with small iron tailings as the representa- tive objects, the different forms of heavy metals （ including exchangeable, carbonate bound, iron and manga- nese oxidation state, organic matter bound and residual forms） and their potential migration ability were stud- ied. The results show that the higher Cu and Cd contents are found in the slag of five iron tailings nearby the Daguangshan, Xiaoleishan and Tiezishan of Daye, those concentrations are more than the three class stand- ards of national soil environmental quality. The largest proportion of heavy metals forms is the residual frac- tion in old tailings nearby the Daguangshan. The larger proportion of heavy metals forms is the iron and man- ganese oxidation state in the new tailings, followed by the organic matter bound, residual and carbonate bound heavy metals. The potential migration of heavy metals is different from the fresh or old tailings, and the mobility of five heavy metals in tailings follows the order of Zn 〉 Cu 〉 Fe 〉 Pb 〉 Cd and Fe 〉 Zn 〉 Pb 〉 Cd 〉 Cu, respectively. The potential migration of heavy metals in fresh railings is higher than that in the old tailings. Although the Cd potential migration ability is weaker, the presence of potential environmental haz- ards can not be ignored because of the high Cd contents and high biological toxicity in slag.

关 键 词：尾矿 重金属 形态 迁移 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]