蚕豆种皮结构、细胞壁成分及其与透水性的关系  

Structure and Cell Wall Components of Broad Bean(Vicia faba L.) Seed Coat and Their Relationship with Water Permeability

作　　者：文婷婷[1] 田艺心[1] 朱岩芳[1] 王建成[1] 胡晋[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学农业与生物技术学院种子科学中心,杭州310058

出　　处：《科技通报》2013年第5期63-67,114,共6页Bulletin of Science and Technology

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金重点项目(编号Z3100150)

摘　　要：研究了蚕豆种皮的结构、细胞壁成分并试图讨论其与透水性的关系。借助扫描式电子显微镜对蚕豆种子种皮表面和横断面结构进行细致观察,测量横断面各细胞层的厚度,利用显微化学鉴别法和红外光谱分析法鉴定种皮细胞壁成分,并用不同酸蚀时间处理种子以确定种皮各结构层与透水性的关系。结果表明,种皮有四层结构,而种脐处种皮有六层结构。角质层和栅栏层是水分和其他外源物质进入的主要障碍,然而这两层结构的破坏却降低了种子的饱和吸水量,表明种皮的完整性对于种子吸水和保水具有重要作用。种脐处的双层栅栏结构巩固了种皮的不透性,而脐沟及表皮和栅栏层的裂缝,又加速了种子吸水膨胀、营养物质吸收和空气流通。本研究蚕豆品种的种皮细胞壁中含有纤维素、木质素、角质、蛋白质、果胶和脂类。Structure and cell wall components of broad bean seed coat and their relationship with water permeability were researched in this paper.Seed surface and cross section of seed coat were observed by scanning electron microscope.The thickness of each cell layer was measured with micro-measurement method.Micro-chemical identification and infrared spectroscopic study were used to identify the components of cell wall of seed coat.The coat etched by sulfuric acid in different times were used on seed to determine the relationship between each cell layer of seed coat with water permeability.The results showed that broad bean seed coat had four layers of structures,and cross section of testa containing hilum had six layers of structures.Cuticle and palisade layer were the main factors that caused the seed coat impermeable,while structural damage in cuticle and palisade layer reduced the saturated water absorption.The integrity of the seed coat played an important role in water absorption and retention of seed.Counter-palisade of hilum reinforced the impermeable of seed coat.Hilum and cracks of epidermis and palisade layer also accelerated the water absorption and nutrient and air circulation.Cell wall of seed coat of broad bean in present research contained cellulose,lignins,cutin,protein,pectin and lipids.

关 键 词：蚕豆 种皮结构 细胞壁成分 酸蚀 透水性 

分 类 号：S643.6[农业科学—蔬菜学]