基于成本-收益分析的逆向供应链网络演化机制分析  

Network Evolutionary Mechanism of Reverse Supply Chain Based on Cost-benefit Analysis

作　　者：易俊[1,2] 王苏生[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学深圳研究生院城市规划与管理学院,广东深圳518055 [2]暨南大学财务与国有资产管理处,广东广州510630

出　　处：《管理工程学报》2013年第2期123-128,共6页Journal of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management

基　　金：国家软科学研究计划资助项目(2006GXQ3D120)

摘　　要：不同于发达国家TPT(第三方回收)的逆向供应链模式,我国逆向供应链具有无标度网络特征,其中大多数逆向供应链下游企业是走街串巷的个体商贩及其家庭作坊。本文提出基于成本-收益分析的我国逆向供应链网络演化机制。其中,废品回收站点需要支付固定的生产场所租金和投资购买专业生产设备,该固定成本可以在回收废品数量中均摊。当回收站点选择下游家庭作坊(或流动商贩)的最优数量时,将依据成本-收益分析获得最大化利益。最后,广东清远市电子产品废弃物回收网络的案例,以及NetLogo平台下数值仿真结果,较好地验证了理论分析结果。Reverse supply chain appears as an effective way to reduce cost for an enterprise and cope with changes to the current environment, such as fierce global competition, shortening product life cycle and reduced company profit. The existing literatures are mainly related to the optimal design of reverse supply chain network in developed countries. There are limited literatures about the evolutionary mechanism of reverse supply chain network in China. The research provides the evolutionary mechanism of Chinese reverse supply chain based on cost-benefit analysis. Firstly, the paper summarizes free-scale network characteristics of Chinese reverse supply chains. TPT （Third Party Take-Back） is the main recycling model with the relatively simple network structure even though the large-scale transnational corporation engages in waste recycling processing services. Most recycling enterprises in China are ambulant paekmen going from door to door and through their family workshops. Reverse supply chain network in China is composed of various components, such as ＂resident consumer - dispersive recycling station - manufacturer＂, which has the Growth and Preferential Attachment characteristics of BA free-scale network. Secondly, the paper proposes an evolutionary mechanism of reverse supply chain networks driven by cost-benefit analysis in China. Recycling station is in the crucial position in the network structure of reverse supply chain, which connects with numerous downstream packmen or their family workshops, and upstream manufacturers. Recycling station should pay the fixed cost including the rent of working site and equipment expense, which can be shared equally among every downstream family workshop. To maximize profit, recycling station conducts cost-benefit analysis to identify appropriate business scope of the radiation; that is, the number of downstream family workshops. Only if the number of downstream family workshops has reached a certain scale can a certain level of industrial gathered effect be formed,

关 键 词：网络演化 逆向供应链 成本-收益分析 无标度网络 数值仿真 

分 类 号：F205[经济管理—国民经济]