论患者隐私权保护——兼论侵害“告知后同意”之请求权基础  

The Protection of the Patient's Right of Privacy

作　　者：郭明龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学法学院,天津300387

出　　处：《法律科学（西北政法大学学报）》2013年第3期84-91,共8页Science of Law：Journal of Northwest University of Political Science and Law

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目(12CFX083);天津市高等学校人文社科研究项目(20112704)

摘　　要：隐私权已从传统消极防御面向发展到兼具积极支配面向,主要包括四项权能:隐私隐瞒权、隐私利用权、隐私维护权和隐私支配权。《侵权责任法》第62条、第61条、第55条和第56条对应以上四种权能并共同构筑了患者隐私权范畴。患者隐私支配权需要借助于对患者的"告知后同意"实现,告知的内容应当包括医师同时兼具的研究者身份与潜在利益冲突。"告知后同意"虽然可以作为一种法益或者注意义务之违反得到救济,但作为某种权利得到保护系必然趋势,这种权利应是隐私权而非自主权。侵害患者"告知后同意"之隐私权的请求权基础应为第6条第1款,涉及赔偿责任时应适用特别规定第55条第2款,所涉损害主要系精神损害。Right of privacy,which orbits from the traditional negative and defensive right to a positive and dominant right simultaneously,consists of four basic capabilities：capability of concealing,appropriating,maintaining and dominating privacy.In Tort Liability Act,patients＇ right of privacy covers Arts.62,61,55,56 which jointly correspond to four capabilities referred above.Capability of dominating privacy is generally embodied by means of the rule informed consent,in which the dual identity of physician and researcher or the potential conflicts of interest involved should be informed.Patients＇ informed consent can be regarded as legal interest or be relieved in the light of breaching the duty of care.However,informed consent must be a kind of right and be assigned to the right of privacy,not the right of autonomy.If informed consent is infringed,the victim may resort to Para.1 of Art.6.And Para.2 of Art.55 should be applied when the liability for compensation involved,which mainly refers to the liability for moral damage.

关 键 词：患者隐私权 告知后同意 医疗损害责任 

分 类 号：D923.8[政治法律—民商法学]