压力对蒙脱石/聚丙烯酸钠复合高吸水性材料吸水膨胀的影响  

The Influencing of Pressure and Amount of Montmorillonite on Swelling Behavior of Synthetic Montmorillonite/Sodium Polyacrylate Super-Absorbent

作　　者：马蕾[1,2] 彭昌盛[2] 王贤明[1] 虞洋[2] 于洪军[3] 徐兴永[3] 

机构地区：[1]海洋化工研究院,山东青岛266071 [2]中国海洋大学海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266100 [3]国家海洋局第一海洋研究所,山东青岛266061

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第5期70-76,共7页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：教育部新教师基金项目(200804231036);海洋公益性行业科研专项(201105020);教育部科技创新工程重大项目培育资金项目(708060)资助

摘　　要：实验采用水溶液聚合法合成了蒙脱石/聚丙烯酸钠复合高吸水材料,并设计了新颖的力学装置来研究其机械及液压胁迫响应特性。通过改变蒙脱石含量参数,系列数据结果表明:添加适量蒙脱石能够改善丙烯酸钠树脂的吸水膨胀能力和机械强度-单体丙烯酸、引发剂过硫酸钾、交联剂N,N′-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺、中和度和温度不变的情况下,蒙脱石含量为20wt%的合成材料的膨胀能力最好,吸水率为643g/g;刚性机械压力增加显著降低复合材料的吸水活力,从而降低其膨胀能力;咸淡水、淡咸水反复吸水循环虽然会明显降低复合材料的吸水活力,但不会带来彻底损害;外加压力胁迫下,复合材料吸水速率在前4h内恒定,而后非线性降低。本实验为研究防海水入侵盐敏性材料提供了新方法和基础数据。Novel mechanical devices were performed to characterize the mechanical and hydraulic stress response of montmorillonite/sodium polyacrylate superabsorbent composite materials, which were synthesized by an aqueous solution polymerization. The results showed a few properties and characteristics about the composite materials listed below. The proper rate of montmorillonite （MMT） can improve the mater- ils＇ capacity of water swelling and mechanical strength-in the case of constant monomer acrylic acid, po- tassium persulfate initiators, crosslinking agent, the N, N＇-methylene-bis-acrylamide, and the degree of neutralization. The MMT content is 20wt~, when synthesis at room temperature, the swelling capacity of the synthetic material, the water absorption as 643 g/g.. Rigid mechanical pressure increases signifi- cantly reduce the ability of the absorbent composites, thus reducing its swelling capacity, parameter varia- tions of the fluid pressure have no visible effect on the water absorption of the composite material （not ex- ceed 13%）. Fresh water, brackish water repeatedly absorbent cycle will significantly reduce the ability of the water absorbency, but will not cause a severe damage. The stress applied pressure, the water absorp- tion rate of the composite first 4h within a constant, then nonlinear reduce. This experiment provides a new method and basic data for the study of anti-seawater intrusion salt sensitive materials.

关 键 词：蒙脱石 聚丙烯酸钠 高吸水性复合材料 吸水膨胀力学响应 咸淡水交替 

分 类 号：O631.2[理学—高分子化学]