昆承湖周边地区土壤动物区系分布及土壤酶活性研究  

Study of Soil Enzyme Composition of Soil Fauna at Kuncheng Lake

作　　者：严舜涛[1] 缪颖[1] 唐沈芸[1] 关禹[1] 高顺康[1] 勾影波[1] 

机构地区：[1]常熟理工学院生物与食品工程学院,江苏常熟215500

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2013年第8期3445-3447,3450,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：[目的]对昆承湖周边地区土壤动物的种群、数量、土壤酶与土壤动物的相关性进行研究。[方法]选取3个样地,随机用土壤环刀按0～5、5～10和10～15 cm 3层采样。每个季度取样1次,共计4次。采用手捡法采集大型土壤动物,中、小型土壤动物用Tullgren法分离,同时进行分类鉴定和数量统计,测定土壤酶活性。[结果]获得土壤动物732个,隶属于3门11纲19类。弹尾目和蜱螨目为优势类群,占个体总数的78.28%。常见类群为线虫纲、双尾目、双翅目、膜翅目、蜘蛛目,占个体总数的16.53%。其他为稀有类群,只占个体总数的5.19%。3个样地土壤动物多样性指数(H')的排序为样地3>样地1>样地2。脲酶活性与土壤动物密度呈负相关,脱氢酶活性与土壤动物密度呈正相关,过氧化氢酶活性与土壤动物密度呈正相关。土壤动物垂直分布呈现明显的表聚性。湿度与土壤动物密度呈正相关。温度与土壤动物密度趋向于负相关。土壤动物种群密度与有机质含量呈正相关,而种群密度随着有机质含量的增加而增加。[结论]该研究可为本地合理利用土地及生态管理提供基础资料。[Objective] Species and quantity of soil animal and the correlation of soil enzymes and soil animals in Kuncheng Lake surrounding areas were studied.[Method] Three samples were selectd with random of three layers with 5 cm soil cutting ring according to 0-5,5-10 and 10-15 cm.Sampling once every quarter,a total of 4 times.Large soil animals were picked up by hands,and medium and small soil animals were separated with Tullgren method.Classification and identification were carried out,and the number of statistics was assayed.Soil enzyme activities were assayed,too.[Result] A total of 732 soil fauna was belonging to three classes and 19 categories.Two dominant groups were Collembola and Acarina,accounting for 78.28% of the total number of individuals.Common groups of soil fauna in Kuncheng Lake surrounding areas were Nematoda,two-tailed head,Diptera,Hymenoptera and Araneae,accounting for the total number of individuals 16.53%.The sort of soil animal diversity index(H′) for sample was sample3> sample 1> sample 2.Urease activity and soil fauna density showed a negative correlation.The dehydrogenase and the density of the soil fauna showed a positive correlation.Scavenger enzymes and soil fauna density showed a negative correlation.Soil animals were all concentrated in the surface of three plots.Humidity and soil fauna density showed a positive correlation.Tempaurate and soil fauna density tended to be a negative correlation.Changes in population density of soil animals were also positively correlated with organic matter content.The population density increased with the increase of organic matter content.[Conclusion] The research could provide the basis for the rational utilization of the land and ecological management.

关 键 词：昆承湖 土壤动物 种群密度 土壤酶 

分 类 号：S154.1[农业科学—土壤学]