施钾量对晋南旱地冬小麦的影响  

Effects of Potassium Application Rate on Rainfed Winter Wheat in Southern Shanxi

作　　者：李廷亮[1] 洪坚平[1] 谢英荷[1] 冯倩[1] 李金岚 

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学资源环境学院,山西太谷030801 [2]山西省环境监测中心站,太原030027

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2013年第2期37-40,共4页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费(201303104);山西农业大学科技创新基金项目(201231);山西农业大学引进人才科研启动费项目(XB2011007)

摘　　要：通过2008—2010年大田试验,研究了不同施钾量对晋南雨养区冬小麦生育期光合生理特性、产量构成和钾素利用率的影响。结果表明,施钾可显著促进旱地小麦灌浆期旗叶光合作用,提高生育期旗叶硝酸还原酶(NR)活性,降低脯氨酸(Pro)质量分数和丙二醛(MDA)质量摩尔浓度,进而显著增加产量。但施钾量(K2O)在75～225kg/hm2范围内时,小麦旗叶光合生理指标及产量均无显著变化。钾肥利用率随施钾量的增加而显著降低,以施钾(K2O)75kg/hm2最高。综合考虑光合生理特性、产量及钾素利用率,当地旱作冬小麦施钾量以75kg/hm2左右为宜。Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of different potassium rates on photosynthetic and physiological characteristics, yield components and potassium utilization efficiency of rainfed winter wheat in southern Shanxi from 2008 to 2010. The results showed that the photosynthesis of flag leaf at grain filling stage was significantly promoted, the nitrate reductase （NR） activity increased signifi- cantly and the content of malondialdehyde （MDA） and proline （Pro） of flag leaf decreased significantly, which could increase the yield of winter wheat significantly under application of potassium fertilizer. With the increasing of potassium application （K20） from 75 to 225 kg/hm^2, the photosynthetic and physiological indexes and yield of winter wheat no longer significantly increased. The potassium utilization efficiency decreased significantly with the increasing of application, and was the highest when potassium （K20） application rate was 75 kg/hm^2. Therefore, the appropriate potassium application rate should be about 75 kg/hm^2 for rainfed winter wheat in southern Shanxi Province.

关 键 词：旱地冬小麦 施钾量 生理特性 产量 钾素利用率 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学] S158