遮荫补灌提高陇东旱塬区小麦对干热风的抗逆适应  

Effect of Shading and Irrigation on Wheat Resilience and Adaption to Dry-hot Wind in Longdong Arid High-area

作　　者：王勇 马廷蕊[2] 赵刚 党翼 李尚忠 张建军 唐小明 王磊 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业科学院旱地农业研究所/甘肃省旱作区水资源高效利用重点实验室,兰州730070 [2]甘肃农业大学农学院/甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室,兰州730070

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2013年第2期78-80,110,共4页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD0903-1);农业部西北旱作营养与施肥科学观测试验站基金项目

摘　　要：利用灌浆期模拟干热风胁迫,并结合遮荫补灌措施,研究干热风对小麦叶片失绿黄化特性、渗透调节物质质量分数和产量构成因子的影响。结果表明,干热风胁迫使灌浆期叶片叶绿素降解转化能力显著增强,叶片失绿黄化程度加重、渗透调节功能失衡,产量下降。遮荫或补灌均能提高小麦旗叶持绿面积、叶绿素质量分数和产量,降低叶片黄化指数、类胡萝卜素质量分数、渗透调节物质质量分数。遮荫灌水在缓解干热风对小麦抗逆伤害方面具有加性效应。因此,遮荫补灌可有效提高小麦在干热风胁迫下的抗逆适应。With the simulated dry-hot wind stress, shading and supplemental irrigation treatment in grouting stage, the experiment was carried out to study the effects of dry-hot wind on characteristics of leafyellowing, osmoregulation matter content and yield component factors of wheat. The results showed that： Dry hot wind stress significantly enhanced wheat chlorophyll degradation conversion in grouting period, the leaves yellowing severity, yield loss, and osmotic adjustment function imbalances. Shading or supple- mental irrigation could make wheat flag leaf green area and chlorophyll content increase, yield components improve, and leaf yellowing index, carotenoid content, osmotic adjustment matter content decrease. Shading and irrigation had additive effects on wheat in reducing the harm of the dry-hot wind. Therefore, shading and irrigation can effectively improve the resilience of wheat, and enhance adaption of wheat to the dryhot wind stress.

关 键 词：小麦 陇东旱塬 遮荫 灌水 干热风 抗逆适应 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S275