机载全天时星敏感器参数设计及实验  

Parameter design and test of airborne all-day star sensor

作　　者：任秉文[1,2,3] 金光[1,3] 王天聪[1,3] 钟兴[1,3] 张鹏[4] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所,吉林长春130033 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]小卫星技术国家地方联合工程研究中心,吉林长春130033 [4]长春理工大学空间光电技术研究所,吉林长春130022

出　　处：《红外与激光工程》2013年第4期1003-1010,共8页Infrared and Laser Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40905011)

摘　　要：为了提供机载全天时星敏感器参数设计方法,从光电探测信噪比公式出发,结合Modtran软件中天空亮度数据,推导了适用于星体目标探测的信噪比计算公式,并以探测3.5等、4等、4.5等星为例,重点研究了通光口径、系统F数、曝光时间与探测信噪比之间的变化规律,并给出机载全天时星敏感器相应参数的设计方法。为验证设计方法的正确性,设计了地面原理实验,选择以北极星(视星等2.02等)为探测目标,设计了通光口径83 mm、焦距1 500 mm的全天时星敏感器原理样机,通过地面观测实验,在天空辐射最强时刻对北极星的探测信噪比为6.84 dB,满足理论计算的6 dB指标需求,验证了设计方法的正确性。In order to provide parameters design method of airborne all-day star sensor, in this paper, the SNR （Signal to Noise Ratio） computation formula for star targets detection was derived according to the SNR formula of optical-electric detection system and sky radiance data from Modtran software. The relation between detection SNR and diameter, F number,exposure time was researched for the stars of visual magnitude of 3.5,4,4.5, and the corresponding parameters design method of airborne all-day star sensor was given. In order to verify the correctness of the design method, the ground-based observation test was carried out. Polaris（Mv2.02） was selected as target, and the all-day star sensor prototype with 83 mm diameter, 1 500 mm focal length was designed. Through the ground-based observation test, at the most powerful sky radiation moment the SNR for detection Polaris was 6.84 dB, met the minimum detection requirements 6 dB from the theoretical calculation. The correctness of the design method is verified.

关 键 词：星光导航 星敏感器 信噪比 参数设计 

分 类 号：TH74[机械工程—光学工程]