石油工人心理健康状况及相关因素调查分析  

Investigation research on the mental health status and related influent factors for oil-workers

作　　者：宁丽[1] 连玉龙[1] 黄佳[1] 张大军 李理 刘继文[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学公共卫生学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830054 [2]新疆克拉玛依人民医院,834000

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2013年第2期100-103,共4页China Occupational Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(81060232);新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(2010211A32);新疆医科大学博士研究生创新项目基金(DC-2010-5)

摘　　要：目的探讨石油工人心理健康状况,以及职业紧张、人格特征和社会支持对其影响,为制定心理健康教育措施提供理论依据。方法采用整群抽样的方法随机抽取1 100名石油工人,采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、职业紧张量表、艾森克人格问卷中文版和社会支持评定量表进行问卷调查。以SCL-90评分纳入阳性症状者为阳性症状组,未纳入者为正常组。结果①1 100名石油工人SCL-90评分结果显示238(21.64%)名具有阳性症状;人际关系敏感因子得分低于全国常模,躯体化、强迫症状、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖、精神病性等因子得分均高于全国常模,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);敌对因子和偏执因子得分与全国常模比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);与新疆地区部分汉族职业人群SCL-90常模比较,躯体化、恐怖2个因子得分均低于该常模,抑郁、精神病性因子得分均高于该常模得分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。②阳性症状组石油工人在个体紧张反应、神经质维度得分均高于正常组,主观支持、社会支持利用度维度得分均低于正常组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。③多因素逐步Logistic回归分析显示心理紧张反应、自我保健、神经质、精神质、支持利用度是影响石油工人心理应激的主要因素。结论石油工人存在一定程度的心理健康问题且具有自身的特点,适度降低工作压力的同时增强自我保健意识,合理有效的调解情绪是预防其出现心理应激障碍的重要措施之一。Objective To discuss the mental health in oil-workers, as well as the influence factors of occupational stress, personality characteristics and social support, and to provide a theoretical basis for developing mental health education measures. Methods With the method of cluster sampling, 1 100 oil-workers were randomly chosen and investigated on the basis of the Symptom Checklist-90 （SCL-90） , Occupational Stress Inventory-Revised, Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Chinese version and Social Support Rating Scale. Those with SCL-90 scored positive symptoms were taken as positive symptom group, otherwise the normal group. Results ①Two hundred and thirth eight （21.64%） workers were detected with positive symptoms. The SCL-90 scale score of oil-workers showed that interpersonal sensitivity factor score was lower than that of the national norm. Scores of other factors （ somatization, compulsion, depression, anxiety, terror, psychoticism） were higher than those of the na- tional norm （P 〈 0. 01 ）. There was no statistical significant difference found compared with the national norm for hostile factor and paranoid factor score（ P 〉 0. 05 ）. In comparison to the SCL-90 norm for occupational Han Chinese in Xinjiang region, the scores of somatization factor and terror factor were lower than those of the norm. Depression, psychoticism factor scores were higher than those of the norm（ P 〈 0. 05 or P 〈 0.01 ）. ② The personal stress reaction and neuroticism scores of oil-workers in positive symptoms group were higher than those in the normal group while the subjective support and the social support utilization scores were lower （ P 〈 0.05 ）. ③The multi-factor Logistic regression analysis found that psychological intense response, self- health care, nervousness, psychotieism and utilization of social support were the main factors influencing the psychological stress of oil-workers. Conclusion The oil workers＇ psychological stress levels are high, and have own characteristic. To mode

关 键 词：石油工人 心理健康 调查 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]