河南省不同地域农村留守妇女艾滋病知识、态度及行为调查分析  

Investigation on knowledge about AIDS,attitude and behavior of rural left-behind women in different regions of Henan province

作　　者：傅兰英[1] 付强[2] 许锦秀[2] 许彤[1] 王培勇[3] 杨晓林[1] 桂立辉[1] 王小引[1] 

机构地区：[1]新乡医学院基础医学院,河南新乡453003 [2]新乡医学院三全学院 [3]清华大学医学院

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2013年第14期2251-2254,共4页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划项目〔11YJA0880023〕;科技部重大攻关科技支撑计划课题〔2012BAK21B04〕

摘　　要：目的:了解河南省不同地域农村留守妇女艾滋病知识、态度及行为现状,为艾滋病健康教育及预防控制提供科学依据。方法:应用《农村留守妇女艾滋病知识、态度及行为》问卷调查表对河南省不同地域外出打工较集中的商城县、固始县和新蔡县的1 800例留守妇女进行调查。结果:不同地域留守妇女艾滋病传播途径的认知水平略有不同,但总体认知率已达到73%以上:艾滋病非传播途径和预防措施:除与感染者握手略高外,对社交性接吻、与感染者共餐/共游泳、蚊子叮咬总体认知率低于35%;3县的留守妇女对预防措施的总体认知率虽然已达到76.6%,但在夫妻生活中只有2.4%的人使用安生套,97.6%从不使用,95.7%的夫妻性生活是丈夫决定的,而留守妇女自愿参加艾滋病咨询检测率仅占3.2%,这使得许多留守妇女对从城市打工回来的丈夫带回的艾滋病病毒感染风险毫无防范。结论:不同地域的留守妇女对艾滋病认知现状略有不同,对艾滋病防护意识普遍较差,安全套使用率极低,存在发生艾滋病高危性行为的可能性,急需政府部门采取有效措施,以保护留守妇女的健康。Objective： To understand the rural left -behind women＇s knowledge about AIDS and their attitude and behavior in dif- ferent regions of Henan province, provide a scientific basis for the health education and the prevention and control of AIDS. Methods ： The self - designed questionnaire of knowledge about AIDS, attitude and behavior of rural left - behind women was used to investigate 1 800 left - behind women in Shangcheng County, Gushi County and Xincai County, the three counties of Henan Province, where many left - be- hind women lived. Results： In the different regions, the left - behind women＇s knowledge about AIDS transmission ways was of slightly differ- ent level, the overall recognition rate reached 73%. Less than 35% was the overall recognition rate of non -transmission ways and preven- tion measures, like social kissing, sharing a meal and swimming with an infected person, mosquito bites, that of shaking hands with the in- fected slightly higher. Although the left - behind women~ overall recognition rate of precautions reached 76. 6%, only 2. 4% of them used condoms in sexual life, 95. 7% of the women~ sexual life was decided by husband, only 3. 2% of the left -behind women voluntarily par- ticipated in the HIV/A1DS counsehation and detection. That meant many left - behind women did not try to guard against at all HIV that might be taken back by their husbands who came back from urban areas. Conclusion： In the different regions, the left - behind women＇s knowledge about AIDS is of slightly different level. Their prevention awareness is generally poor, condom utilization rate is extremely low. Therefore, there exists the possibility of AIDS high -risk sexual behavior. So the problem is in urgent need of the government＇s effective measures to protect the left- behind women~ health.

关 键 词：农村留守妇女 艾滋病 态度 行为 调查 

分 类 号：R195.4[医药卫生—卫生统计学]