《拓荒者》与美国文学传统的建构  

The Pioneers and the Construction of American Literary Traditions

作　　者：李素杰[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]北京第二外国语学院英语学院,北京100024 [2]北京外国语大学英语学院,北京100089

出　　处：《外国文学》2013年第3期61-68,158,共8页Foreign Literature

基　　金：2012年北京市教委社科计划面上项目<美国文艺复兴特性研究>(SM201210031004);北京第二外国语学院专著类重点项目<生态视域中美国文学史的反思与重构>(12Aa002)

摘　　要：作为《皮袜子故事集》的首部作品,《拓荒者》的重要性远未得到充分认识和发掘。该作是库柏积极参与构建美国民族文学、树立美国文学传统的重要尝试。通过生动描述18世纪末纽约州北部奥特赛格湖区的边疆生活,小说在荒野主题、文明与自然的冲突、印第安人形象、边疆地方色彩,以及早期多元文化等多个方面开疆辟土,自身便可称为美国文学史上杰出的"拓荒者"。不仅如此,作品在刻画拓荒者对荒野的矛盾态度、资源开发与环境保护之间的张力、白人殖民者对印第安人的无情掠夺等方面,都表现出超越时代的洞见。As the first published novel of J.F.Cooper's Leatherstocking Tales,The Pioneers has been under-evaluated.It is an important attempt of Cooper to participate in the construction of American national li^terature and the establishing of American literary traditions.In a vivid description of the 18th-century frontier life by the Lake Otsego of northern New York State,The Pioneers breaks ground for such themes as the American wilderness,the nature/culture conflict,the Indian portrayal,the frontier local colorism,and the early budding of multiculturalism.In so doing,the novel constitutes a remarkable 'pioneer' itself.Moreover,in the representation of the pioneers' complex emotions for the wilderness,the tension between resource development and environmental protection,and the cruelty in the white Europeans' dispossession of the American Indians,the novel sparkles with insight that is far ahead of its time.

关 键 词：库柏《拓荒者》荒野生态观 印第安人形象 

分 类 号：I712[文学—其他各国文学]