三级综合医院医院感染现状调查分析  

Current status of nosocomial infections in a third-class general hospital

作　　者：尚秀娟[1] 程爱斌[2] 安立红[2] 董善俊[2] 吴玉芳[2] 

机构地区：[1]河北联合大学附属医院质控办,河北唐山063000 [2]河北联合大学附属医院ICU,河北唐山063000

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2013年第10期2295-2296,2307,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

摘　　要：目的探讨综合性医院医院感染现状,为预防与控制医院感染提供依据。方法采用前瞻性监测和回顾性调查相结合的方法,对2010-2011年出院患者病历38 722份进行医院感染调查分析。结果发生医院感染1113例,感染率为2.87%,感染率居前3位的科室依次为ICU占15.54%、神经外科占9.81%及血液科占7.04%;感染部位居首位的为下呼吸道305例,占47.29%;革兰阴性杆菌仍是医院感染的主要病原菌,占68.66%,其中居前3位的病原菌依次为铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌,分别占16.74%、14.75%、10.60%。结论加强对医院感染高发科室、重点部位及重点环节的监测力度,以有效降低医院感染的发生。OBJECTIVE To investigate the current situation of nosocomial infections in the general hospital so as to provide basis for the prevention and control of nosocomial infections. METHODS By means of the prospective monitoring combined with the retrospective survey,totally 38 722 medical records of the patients who discharged the hospital from 2010 to 2011 were investigated and analyzed. RESULTS The nosocomial infections occurred in 1113 patients with the infection rate of 2.87%, among which there were 15.54% of the patients in ICU, 9.81% in the neurosurgery department,and 7.04% in the hematology department. There were 305 （47.29%） patients with the lower respiratory tract infections which ranked the first place. Moreover, the gram-negative bacilli remained dominant in the pathogens causing nosocomial infections, accounting for 68.66 %. The top three species of the pathogenic bacteria were the Pseudomonas aeruginosa （16. 74%）, Klebsiella pneumoniae （14. 75%）, and Escherichia coli （10.60%）. CONCLUSION It is an effective way to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections by strengthening the monitoring of the departments, sites and links at high risk of nosocomial infections.

关 键 词：医院感染 现状 调查分析 

分 类 号：R181.32[医药卫生—流行病学]