现时利益重心地是惯常居所地法原则的价值导向  

Value Orientation of the Principle of Habitual Residence

作　　者：刘仁山[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学

出　　处：《法学研究》2013年第3期172-188,共17页Chinese Journal of Law

基　　金：作者主持的2011年度国家社科基金重点项目"<涉外民事关系法律适用法>实施问题研究"(编号:11 AFX016)阶段性成果之一

摘　　要：惯常居所的界定是我国涉外民事关系法律适用法实施中的重要问题之一。各国立法和相关国际条约对惯常居所一般均无明确界定,其认定主要依靠法院的自由裁量,因个案而异。为避免法院因自由裁量而导致属人法适用的非确定性,应探寻并遵从惯常居所地法原则的价值导向,即对当事人现时利益重心予以关注。确定当事人的惯常居所时要对与当事人有关的各种利益进行考量,确定其现时利益重心地之所属法域,进而明确当事人与特定法域的联系。研究欧美主要国家关于惯常居所界定的实践并揭示惯常居所地法原则的价值导向,对实施我国法律具有重要启示。China＇ s Law on Law Application to Foreign-Related Civil Relations creatively sclecis habitual residence as the principal connecting factor of lex persortali but leaves its meaning open. Ha- bitual residence in China＇ s private international law may not be necessarily the same as, or even should be necessarily somewhat different from that in the civil law. So how to define or interpret habit- ual residence is one of the key problems in applying China＇ s private international law. Neither the Hague Conventions on Private International Law or foreign legislations define it. In- stead, its meaning mostly depends upon judges＇ discretion, varying from case to ease. But there must be something in common that might be found and guide its interpretation and definition lest it were too rigid or too flexible. In common law countries, like England and most states of the U. S. , habitual residence are treated like a legal concept but less demanding than domicile, e.g. Scarmen Rule, while the European Court of Justice and some European continental countries take it as fact. But whatever it is, foreign practices show that habitual residence implicates something that affects the par- ty＇ s current interests which ought to be protected. It＇ s thus found that habitual residence often points to be the place where those interests are located, namely, the central place of the party＇ s current in- terests. While interpreting and determining the habitual residence, in essence, judges have to consid- er and balance the parties＇ interests in a given legal relation, find the territory where those parties＇ interests are located, and ultimately decide the relationship between those parties and that territory.

关 键 词：属人法原则 惯常居所 现时利益重心地 涉外民事关系法律适用法 

分 类 号：D997[政治法律—国际法学]