粘性泥石流流速计算方法  

Calculation of viscous debris flow velocity

作　　者：朱兴华[1,2,3] 崔鹏[1,3] 唐金波[1,3] 邹强[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,四川成都610041 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国科学院山地灾害与地表过程重点实验室,四川成都610041

出　　处：《泥沙研究》2013年第3期59-64,共6页Journal of Sediment Research

基　　金：中科院重点部署项目(KZZD-EW-05-01);国家科技支撑计划(2012BAC06B02)

摘　　要：泥石流流速是泥石流动力学分析中最为重要的参数,以曼宁公式为原型的泥石流流速计算公式正被广泛的用于泥石流动力学分析及工程防治设计。然而由于曼宁公式中,对糙率系数的选取带有很强的主观因素,从而导致曼宁公式的泥石流流速计算值与实际相差甚远。本文首先较为全面地分析了影响曼宁糙率系数的6方面因素,并将这6方面的因素归结为外部沟道边界条件和粘性泥石流流体内部特征两大方面;然后基于上述分析分别构建了关于泥石流外部糙率和内部糙率的具有明确物理意义的无量纲综合影响因子,从而提出了粘性泥石流综合糙率系数的数学表达式;接着以东川泥石流观测站的21组观测数据对待定参数进行了率定,从而提出了粘性泥石流综合糙率系数的计算表达式,并将公式计算结果与实测数据进行了比较,结果令人满意;最后以综合糙率系数表达式完善了粘性泥石流流速计算公式。The velocity is the most important parameter in kinetic analysis of debris flows. At present, the Manning formula is widely used in the calculation ：of debris flow velocity. However, the selection of Manning roughness coefficient is of subjeetivism ; thus the calculation of debris flow velocity always has a big error com- paring with the observations. In this paper, 6 factors of Manning roughness coefficient are analyzed compre- hensively, and then all of them are attributed to channel boundary conditions nI and debris flow internal fea- tures n2. Based on the above analysis, two non-dimensional factors with clear physical meaning are construc- ted, which are proposed in the mathematical expression of Manning roughness coefficient. In addition, 21 groups of observations from the Dongehuan Debris Flow Observation Station （DDFOS） are used to calibrate the undetermined parameters in the mathematical expression. What＇ s more, a formula for velocity of viscous deb- ris flow is amended by the calibrated Manning roughness coefficient expression. At last, the calculation of deb- ris flow velocity is compared with the observations of the DDFOS and the results are generally satisfactory.

关 键 词：粘性泥石流 糙率系数 流速 东川泥石流观测站 

分 类 号：TV143.4[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]