拳击前手直拳下肢专项力量特征及其与击打效果的关系  

The Lower Limb Special Strength Characteristics of Jab and the Relationship between Lower Limb Fast Drive Force and Punch Result

作　　者：苏彦炬[1] 吴贻刚[1] 袁艳[2] 吴正平[3] 

机构地区：[1]上海体育学院体育教育训练学院,上海200438 [2]江西师范大学体育学院,江西南昌330027 [3]上海体育学院附属竞技体校,上海200438

出　　处：《上海体育学院学报》2013年第3期66-72,共7页Journal of Shanghai University of Sport

基　　金：上海市科学技术委员会科研项目(09490503400)

摘　　要：运用2块测力台、三维红外高速摄像系统和中国功夫测试工程人,采集优秀男子拳击运动员前手直拳全力击打固定目标过程中,下肢地面支撑反作用力、部分运动学及击打效果相关数据。结果显示:在下肢积极蹬地发力阶段,双腿发力在90 ms内均达到最大力量峰值,发力50 ms时力量值达到最大力量峰值的60%以上;前腿蹬地最大力量/体重、快速力量指数/体重与击打效果之间线性拟合度最高(P<0.01);蹬地达到最大力量峰值的时间与击打效果二次曲线模型拟合度最高(P<0.01),呈曲线关系;后腿上述参数与击打效果未显示出显著相关性。提示:在前手直拳出拳击打过程中,下肢蹬地专项力量特征为起动力量;提高积极蹬地发力阶段前腿最大蹬地力量及发力速度,对于提升前手直拳的击打效果有重要意义。The study uses two force platforms, three-dimensional video graphic and Chinese Kung Fu Testing Engineer to acquire the data of counter force of lower limb ground support and punch results when boxers jab the fixed target with fast drive force. The results show that the legs achieve peak force in 90ms in the active push-off phase; the force can reach more than 60% of maximum force in 50ms. There is highest linear fitting degree among fore leg maximum strength/weight, speed strength index/weight and punch speed, showing a linear positive correlation （ P 〈 0.01 ）. There is highest curve fitting degree between the time reach maximum force peak and punch result, showing a curvilinear relationship （ P 〈 0.01 ）. But the speed strength parameter of the hind leg has a less relativity with the punch result. Conclusions are drawn that it is characteristics of fast-drive starting power for the lower limb special strength of jab. Improving the fore leg maximum force and the speed of drive force are very important to improve the result of jab punch in active push-off phase.

关 键 词：拳击 前手直拳 下肢专项力量 特征 击打效果 

分 类 号：G804.6[文化科学—运动人体科学]