重庆特有植物缙云卫矛濒危原因研究进展  

Advances for Endangered Factors of Euonymus chloranthoides , a Plant Endemic to Chongqing

作　　者：胡世俊[1] 何平[2] 邓洪平[2] 张仁波[2] 林永慧[2] 

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学林学院国家林业局西南地区生物多样性保育重点实验室,昆明650224 [2]西南大学生命科学学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《重庆师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第3期35-39,共5页Journal of Chongqing Normal University:Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.30070080;No.31200319)

摘　　要：三峡库区是中国重要的生物多样性热点地区,缙云卫矛(Euonymus chloranthoides Yang)为重庆地区特有濒危植物。本文综述了该物种濒危原因的研究进展。缙云卫矛的生境所受的人为干扰较大,生境遭受了严重的破碎化。种子较大,花较小,野外观察发现该物种的传粉昆虫很少。遗传多样性分析发现缙云卫矛种群间分化大,表明该物种的花粉、种子扩散较弱。小种群的座果率较大种群的低,补充授粉实验能显著提高座果率,表明小种群存在着花粉限制。种子萌发实验表明小种群的种子萌发率比大种群的低,表明小种群存在着近交衰退;种子易腐烂,这些现象说明种子到幼苗阶段可能是小种群生活史中的一个薄弱环节。缙云卫矛对生境要求特殊,生长缓慢,竞争力弱。对该物种的保护首先是生境的保护、提高种群植株数量。The Three Gorges Reservoir Area is important biodiversity hot spot, the development of industry and rbanization in this area has led to hreatened status of many species. Euonymus chloranthoides Yang is an endangered plant endemic to Chongqing, his paper focus on the advances for its endangered reasons, habitat of this plant is disturbed badly by human being, and the habitat is fragmented greatly. This plant has big seed and small flower, the pollinator of this plant is scarce, and the population genetic differ- entiation is great, which indicates the weak dispersal agility of the pollen and seed. The fruit rate of small population is lower than that of big population, and additional pollination treatment can improve population fruit rate greatly, which means there is pollen limitation in small populations. The seed germination rate of small population is lower than that of big population, which means there is inbreeding depression in small population; eed rots easily, these phenomena mean it may he a weak stage from seed to seed- ling. This species needs special habitat and grows slowly. The first conservation strategy is habitat protection and the population.

关 键 词：缙云卫矛 濒危原因 特有植物 三峡库区 

分 类 号：Q16[生物学—普通生物学]