齿侧间隙对齿轮副非线性振动特性的影响研究  

Research of the Influence of Gear Backlash on Gear Pair Nonlinear Vibration Characteristic

作　　者：李英明[1] 陈卫东[2] 陈奇[2] 黄康[2] 邱明明[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国直升机设计研究所,江西景德镇333001 [2]合肥工业大学机械与汽车工程学院,安徽合肥230009

出　　处：《机械传动》2013年第5期1-5,共5页Journal of Mechanical Transmission

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)资助项目(2012AA112201);安徽省自然科学基金(1208085QE92);国家自然科学基金(51075111)

摘　　要：齿侧间隙的存在会产生齿间冲击,影响齿轮传动的平稳性。为了全面研究齿侧间隙对齿轮振动特性的影响,通过建立齿轮副非线性振动的数学模型,并基于Runge-Kutta法对该模型进行数值仿真求解,结合时间历程图、相图、Poincaér映射图以及FFT频谱图,研究不同啮合频率、不同载荷下的齿侧间隙对齿轮副振动和冲击状态的影响。研究表明,啮合频率对齿侧间隙的动力学响应呈现非线性关系,在固定啮合频率时,在一定齿侧间隙范围内,齿轮出现混沌。在此范围外,不受影响;齿轮传递载荷较小时,齿侧间隙更容易对齿轮副的振动特性造成影响。而重载时,齿侧间隙的变化对齿轮副振动特性影响较小;随着齿侧间隙的增加,齿轮冲击状态由双边冲击向单边冲击过渡,当超过一边界值时,冲击状态维持在单边冲击状态不变。The existence of the backlash can generate impact between teeth, which influences the stability of gear transmission. In order to comprehensive research on the influence of backlash on the gear vibration characteristics, the influences of backlash on the gear pair vibration and impact state under different meshing frequency and different loads are studied, through establishing the mathematical model of gear pair nonlinear vibration, and solving the model numerical simulation based on Runge - Kutta method, combined with time process diagram, phase diagram, Poincaré and frequency spectrogram. The research shows that, the dynamics response of meshing frequency towards backlash is the nonlinear relationship, when the meshing frequency is fixed, within a certain range of backlash, gear chaos appears,out of that range, gear chaos does not appears. When the gear load is lighter, backlash is more likely to influence the vibration characteristics of gear pair, however, when the load is heavy, the influence is smaller. With the increase of backlash, the gear impact state transits from bilateral impact to unilateral impact, when it surpass the threshold, the impact of unilateral state will be maintained and unchanged.

关 键 词：齿侧间隙 啮合频率 载荷 动力学特性 冲击状态 

分 类 号：TH132.41[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]