我国大气背景点挥发性有机污染物的浓度水平与组成特征  

Concentration levels and composition characteristics of VOCs at the background locations in China

作　　者：吕怡兵[1] 谭丽[1] 滕恩江[1] 王超[1] 吕天峰[1] 梁宵[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国环境监测总站,北京100012

出　　处：《环境化学》2013年第5期726-733,共8页Environmental Chemistry

摘　　要：2010—2011年间,在全国范围内选择具有代表性的10个大气背景点开展相关研究,对大气背景点中VOCs的浓度水平与组成特征进行了系统的分析.研究结果表明,我国大气背景点挥发性有机物浓度范围为(3.82±2.96)μg.m-3—(22.74±3.60)μg.m-3,与其它国家和地区背景点空气中VOCs浓度相比,我国背景点空气中VOCs浓度处于较低水平.在空间分布上,大气背景点空气中VOCs浓度呈现东部较高,西部较低的态势,在季节变化上,除河北承德外,山东长岛、重庆武隆、西藏曲水和青海湖4个背景点均呈现出夏季空气中VOCs浓度高于冬季的趋势,这主要是由于夏季气温高,有利于VOCs挥发的原因.初步来源分析结果表明,我国背景点大气中挥发性有机物可能主要来源于自然燃烧、大气传输和局地的污染影响.Concentrations of volatile organic compounds （VOCs） were measured from 10 background locations in rural area in China for canister samples collected from April 2010 to Aug 2011. Results showed that the concentrations of VOCs in the 10 sites were in the range of （3.82±2.96）μg.m-3-（22.74±3.60）μg.m-3. Compared with other countries and regions, VOCs concentrations of the background locations air were at a low level. Basically, the concentrations of VOCs in the eastern areas were higher than those of western rural areas. Seasonal variation of VOCs was analyzed at five sampling sites. Except for Chengde, in summer, the VOCs concentrations were higher than those in winter in Changdao, Wulong, Qushui and Qinghaih u because the temperature is much higher in summer. The results of preliminary source analysis show natural combustion and local pollution induce the pollution of volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere of our background locations.

关 键 词：挥发性有机污染物 大气 背景点 浓度水平 

分 类 号：X831[环境科学与工程—环境工程]