女医学新生心理状态及个性特征的现状调查  

Current mental state and oersonality characteristics of female medical freshmen

作　　者：丛晓银[1] 吴江平[1] 吴小丽[1] 李红啸[1] 王苏立 

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学附属南京妇幼保健院,江苏南京210004

出　　处：《中国妇幼健康研究》2013年第2期157-158,166,共3页Chinese Journal of Woman and Child Health Research

摘　　要：目的了解女医学新生心理状态及个性特征，建立系统的评估和干预体系。方法选取某医科大学385名女医学新生为研究对象，使用症状自评量表（SCL-90）和艾森克个性问卷（EPQ）进行调查。结果症状自评量表测评中躯体化、人际关系敏感、抑郁、敌对、偏执因子均显著低于常模（女），（t值分另1为-4．24、-9．02、-4．25、-5．35、-4．97，均P〈0．01）．恐怖因子高于常模（女）（t=4．90，P〈0．01）。艾森克个性问卷测评中P分值、E分值显著高于常模（女）（t值分别为13．80、15．78，均P〈0．01），N分值、L分值显著低于常模（女）（t值分别为-7．42、-14．41，均P〈0．01）；P分值和N分值与症状自评量表得分呈正相关、E分值与症状自评量表得分呈负相关（均P〈0．01）。学习压力影响P分值和N分值，家庭收入影响N分值，情绪对3个维度均有影响。结论关注心理健康教育需结合家庭情况，注重人格特质的培养和教育。Objective To investigate the mental state and personality characteristics of female medical freshmen and then to set up systematic evaluation and intervention system. Methods A total of 385 female medical freshmen from a medical university were investigated using SCL-90 and EPQ questionnaire. Results SCL-90 values demonstrated that the points got in somatization, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, hostility, paranoid ideation of medical students were notably lower than those of normal females （ t value was - 4.24, - 9.02, - 4.25, - 5.35 and - 4.97, respectively, all P 〈 0.01 ）, but the point got in terror was higher （ t = 4.90, P 〈 0.01 ）. EPQ values indicated that P and E values were higher than normal females（t value was 13.80 and 15.78, respectively, both P 〈0.01 ） , but N and L values were lower（ t value was -7.42 and -14.41, respectively, both P 〈 0.01 ）. The P and N values showed positive correlation with SCL-90 scores, but E value showed negative correlation （ all P 〈 0.01 ）. Stepwise regression showed that learning pressure influenced P and N values, and that family income affected N value. Mood affected three dimensions of EPQ. Conclusion Mental health education should be combined with family income. Personality cultivating and education should be emphasized.

关 键 词：女医学生 心理状态 个性特征 现状调查 

分 类 号：R173[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]