久居高原青年官兵脑功能的变化特征及其相关因素研究  

Characteristics and related factors of brain function in long staying soldiers at high altitude

作　　者：高伊星[1] 李鹏[2] 蒋春华[3] 陈郁[3] 刘春[3] 高钰琪[3] 阮怀珍[1] 

机构地区：[1]第三军医大学基础医学部神经生物学教研室,重庆市神经生物学重点实验室,重庆400038 [2]第三军医大学高原军事医学系高原军队卫生学教研室,重庆400038 [3]第三军医大学高原军事医学系病理生理学与高原生理学教研室,全军高原医学重点实验室,高原医学教育部重点实验室,重庆400038

出　　处：《第三军医大学学报》2013年第10期1001-1004,共4页Journal of Third Military Medical University

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划;2012CB518201);全军医学科技"十二五"科研重点项目(BWS11J042)~~

摘　　要：目的研究长期移居高原对脑功能的影响及其与移居高原时间、睡眠质量、脑组织氧供情况等因素的相关性。方法对平原青年男性官兵65例、移居4 500 m高原地区1～15年的青年男性官兵64例进行神经行为核心测试组合测试、瑞文标准推理测试和匹兹堡睡眠质量指数问卷调查,并进行血氧饱和度和左、右脑组织氧合指数的检测。结果久居高原者左、右脑组织氧合指数显著降低(P<0.01),并与血氧饱和度呈显著正相关(r=0.364,P<0.01)。长期高原移居者对颜色尤其是蓝色反应延迟(P<0.05),颜色辨别能力下降(P<0.01),短时视觉记忆能力降低(P<0.01),运动稳定性降低(P<0.05)等。久居高原者焦虑、抑郁、敌意、困惑等不良情绪状态增强(P<0.05),睡眠质量下降(P<0.01)。除匹兹堡睡眠质量指数与脑组织氧合指数有相关性(r=-0.287,P<0.05)外,久居高原者其他脑功能的变化与脑组织氧供状况无显著相关性(P>0.05)。认知功能中平均颜色反应时、本顿视觉保留测试得分两项指标与移居高原时间呈显著相关性(r=0.268,r=-0.277,P<0.05)。结论长期移居高原对视觉功能、运动稳定性、情绪和睡眠有显著负面影响,脑氧合指数和移居高原时间是脑功能降低的影响因素。Objective To investigate the features and related factors of brain function in long staying soldiers at high altitude. Methods Sixty-four male soldiers living at the plain and 65 soldiers living at 4 500 m altitude for 1-15 years were enrolled in this study. The neurobehavioral core tests battery （NCTB） and Raven’s standard progressive matrices （RSPM） test were adopted to evaluate cognitive capacity. The sleep quality was investigated using Pittsburgh sleep quality index （PSQI）. Meanwhile, the resting oxyhemoglobin saturation （SaO2） and the brain tissue oxygenation index （TOI） were also measured. Results The brain TOI of the soldiers living at 4 500 m altitude decreased significantly （P〈0.01） and was positively correlated with SaO2（r=0.364）. They were more fallible on color discrimination （P〈0.01）, were slower on reaction to blue color stimulus （P〈0.05）, and exhibited significantly worse emotions （P〈0.05） and performance on visual retention （P〈0.01） and motor stability （P〈0.05）. Except for a negative correlation between PSQI and brain TOI （r=-0.287）, no other decreasing brain function was associated with reduced brain oxygen supply. The color reaction time and visual retention were associated with residence time at high altitude （r=0.268, r=-0.277）. Conclusion Chronic hypoxic exposure at high altitude has a profound effect on the negative effect on the visual function, motion stability, emotion and sleep quality. Brain TOI and residence time are influencing factors of impaired brain function at high altitude.

关 键 词：高海拔 缺氧 脑 神经行为学表现 认知 睡眠 

分 类 号：R338.2[医药卫生—人体生理学] R338.6[医药卫生—基础医学]