地下水开采引发的地面沉降易发性区划及控制措施  

Susceptibility zoning and control measures on land subsidence caused by groundwater exploitation

作　　者：杨勇[1] 郑凡东[1] 刘立才[1] 窦艳兵 贾三满[3] 

机构地区：[1]北京市水利科学研究所,北京100048 [2]北京市水文总站,北京100039 [3]北京市水文地质工程地质大队,北京100195

出　　处：《中国地质》2013年第2期653-658,共6页Geology in China

摘　　要：北京市地下水严重过量开采,造成了地下水位大幅下降,引发了大面积的地面沉降。为避免更大范围的地面沉降,本文通过选取粘土层厚度、地下水水位下降速率、地下水开采量三个影响因素,根据各自影响程度确定影响因子权重,利用GIS叠加方法开展地面沉降易发性分区。结合南水北调水资源配置提出地面沉降防控对策,为地下水开采布局优化及地面沉降防治提供科学依据。Excessive artificial extraction of groundwater has caused the continuous decline of groundwater levelsand, as a result, triggered a large area of land subsidence. To avoid a wider range of land subsidence, the authors used the clay layer thickness, the drawdown rate of groundwater level and groundwater exploitation as three impact factors to carry out studies. In accordance with their respective extent of impact, the impact factor weights were determined, the overlay method in GIS was used to divide land subsidence into susceptibility zoning. In combination with water resource allocation of South-to-North water transfer, this paper has proposed the control measures on land subsidence, thus providing a scientific basis for layout optimization of groundwater exploitation and land subsidence.

关 键 词：地面沉降 易发性分区 南水北调 防控对策 

分 类 号：P641.8[天文地球—地质矿产勘探] P642.26[天文地球—地质学]