高光谱遥感器飞行中基于大气特征谱线的光谱定标技术  

Hyperspectral Sensor in Flight Spectral Calibration Based on Characteristic Spectra of Atmosphere

作　　者：陈洪耀[1] 张黎明[1] 李鑫[1] 司孝龙[1] 杨宝云[1] 朱雪梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院安徽光学精密机械研究所通用光学定标与表征技术重点实验室,安徽合肥230031

出　　处：《光学学报》2013年第5期287-293,共7页Acta Optica Sinica

基　　金：国家863计划(2012AA12A3022);安徽省自然科学基金(1208085QD74)资助课题

摘　　要：高光谱遥感器光谱定标是其遥感信息定量化应用的基础。报道了一种基于大气特征谱线的光谱定标技术,该定标技术通过分离与遥感器特性无关的大气和周围环境等引入的反射率,使分离后的等效反射率与经过低通滤波的等效反射率匹配,确定了中心波长偏移量和光谱带宽。针对某国产机载高光谱遥感器进行了飞行中光谱定标实验,结果表明遥感器的中心波长和带宽都发生了变化。光谱定标的准确性通过两种方法验证:一种是观察反演得到的地面典型目标光谱反射率是否存在锐利的凸起和凹陷,另一种是观察在氧气760nm吸收峰廓线测量的光谱辐亮度与辐射传输计算得到的结果是否一致。分析表明,影响该光谱定标方法不确定度的主要因素是数据的信噪比和地面的辐射定标。Spectral calibration is the premise to realize quantitative of hyperspectral remote sensing. A spectral calibration method based on atmospheric absorption features is presented. The spectral calibration techinque first separate the reflectance caused by atmosphere and surrounding, which is indepedent of the character of the remote sensor, and then is executed by spectral to match between the equivalent spectral reflectance and the one after low- pass filter. Using the spectral calibration method, a domestic airborne hyperspectral sensor is calibrated in flight. The result shows that both the central wavelength and the bandwidth of the sensor change. The accuracy of the spectral calibration can be verified by checking the sharp protruding in the inversion spectral reflectance or by comparing measured and radiative transfer calculated spectral radiance in the oxygen 760 nm absorption peak profiles. Analysis shows that, the main influence factors of the spectral calibration uncertainty are data signal-to-noise and sensor radiometric calibration.

关 键 词：遥感 高光谱遥感 光谱定标 波长定标 定量遥感 

分 类 号：TP73[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]