不同化学处理方法对竹纤维化学成分的影响  

The Implication of Different Chemical Treatments on Chemical Components of Bamboo Fibers

作　　者：陈红 费本华 程海涛 江泽慧 王戈 

机构地区：[1]国际竹藤中心、竹藤科学与技术重点实验室

出　　处：《林产工业》2013年第3期49-51,共3页China Forest Products Industry

基　　金：十二五国家科技支撑计划"功能性竹(藤)基新材料制造技术研究(2012BAD54G00)"

摘　　要：采用硝酸+氯酸钾、双氧水+冰醋酸、次氯酸钠和氢氧化钠四种化学处理方法及超声和无超声两种处理条件对慈竹(Neosinocalamus affinis)进行分离得到竹纤维,利用傅立叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)和傅立叶变换拉曼光谱(FT-Raman)定性研究不同方法制取竹纤维的化学成分变化、分离过程中超声波处理对竹纤维化学成分的影响。结果表明:四种处理方法对纤维素的影响不明显;硝酸+氯酸钾、次氯酸钠和氢氧化钠制取的竹纤维中都含有小质素,但含量不同,双氧水+冰醋酸制取的竹纤维几乎不含木质素;四种处理方法都降解了半纤维素,但降解程度不同。在纤维分离过程中,超声处理能够缩短纤维分离时间,提高纤维分离效率,同时对纤维化学成分影响不明显。The objective of this paper is to qualitatively analyze the chemical component of bamboo （Neosinocalamus aftlnis）fibers macerated by HNO3＋KC103, H202＋HAc, NaC10 and NaOH using Fourier-trans- form Infrared spectroscopy and Fourier-transform Raman spectroscopy, and find out how do the ultrasonic treat- ment during the maceration affect the chemical component of fibers. The results indicates that all of the four methods scarcely influence celluloses; there is lignin in bamboo fibers isolated by HNO3＋KC103, NaC10 and NaOH with different concentration, however, bamboo fibers isolated by H202＋HAc almost do not contain lignin; all four methods degrade hemicellulose, but the degradation degrees are different. In the isolation, ultrasonic treatment not only shortens maceration time and improves the maceration time, but also insignificantly affects the chemical component of the fibers.

关 键 词：处理方法 超声处理 FT-IR FT-RAMAN 化学成分 

分 类 号：TQ351[化学工程]