皖北地区农村留守儿童预防接种现状和影响因素分析  

Vaccination status and relevant factors for left-behind children in rural areas in north Anhui province

作　　者：唐继海[1] 陆志坚[1] 刘丹青[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽省疾病预防控制中心,安徽合肥230601

出　　处：《中国农村卫生事业管理》2013年第5期526-529,共4页Chinese Rural Health Service Administration

基　　金：卫生部与联合国儿童基金会合作项目

摘　　要：目的:了解皖北农村地区留守儿童预防接种现状及影响因素,为提高留守儿童预防接种服务提供依据。方法:对皖北地区临泉县2006-2009年出生的留守儿童进行登记;采用整群随机选择方法确定现场调查点和调查对象,采用访谈的方式对儿童监护人进行问卷调查。使用Epidata建立数据库,SPSS软件进行统计分析。结果:共调查2006-2009年出生儿童1 441人,"五苗"全程合格接种率为84.25%;留守儿童麻疹疫苗、乙脑疫苗、流脑疫苗、甲肝疫苗、"五苗"全程接种率低于非留守儿童(χ2=20.57、113.39、51.14、67.89、11.04,P<0.01)。结论:留守儿童疫苗接种率低于非留守儿童;父母外出会对6月龄以上儿童需要接种的疫苗影响较大;应改善预防接种服务形式,提高留守儿童相关疫苗接种率。Objective To know vaccination status and relevant factors for left-behind children in rural areas of north Anhui province,and to provide basis for the left-behind children vaccination service. Methods The left-behind children born in 2006 to 2009 were registered. Cluster random sampling was adopted to determine the places and objects of survey. Children＇s guardians were interviewed by using survey questionnaire. Results A total of 1441 children were surveyed, and the whole five vaccination coverage rate was 84.25%. Left-behind children＇s coverage rates of measles vaccine,Japanese encephalitis vaccine,hepatitis A vaccine,whole five vaccines were lower than the rate of other local children. Conclusions The left- behind children vaccination coverage rate is lower than that of other local children. The coverage of vaccine for children more than 6 month by national immunization programs is lower than others of the left- behind children. We should offer different vaccination service, and improve vaccination coverage rate in the left-behind children.

关 键 词：留守儿童 预防接种 影响因素 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]