旱冬灌溉与荔枝产量关系的初步探索  

Preliminary study of irrigation in the dry winter and litchi production

作　　者：李志强 袁沛元 邱燕萍 李建光 凡超 

机构地区：[1]广东省农科院果树研究所/南亚热带果树生物学与遗传资源利用重点实验室,广东广州510640

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2013年第7期42-45,共4页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：农业部现代农业产业技术体系荔枝树冠管理科学家岗位专项(CARS-33-12);广东省现代农业产业技术体系岭南水果荔枝栽培和耕种岗位专项(LNSG 2011-08)

摘　　要：于2009年底至2010年初和2010年底至2011年初的连续两个冬季（每年12月至翌年2月），通过提前搭建通风透光的防雨棚，防止雨水淋到处理树上，模仿常年冬季自然的土壤干旱，再在干旱的防雨棚内和露天果园里分别进行1～4次、1-6次的不同灌溉处理，研究桂味荔枝果园不同灌溉处理与果实产量的关系。2011年初前后，还进行了糯米糍荔枝的旱冬灌溉试验。结果表明：旱冬灌溉处理（含自然雨水灌溉）提高了桂味荔枝的成花率，还提高了桂味和糯米糍荔枝的产量；大部分灌溉次数多的处理，成花率和产量均高于灌溉次数少的处理。从省工高效栽培管理和节水灌溉的角度出发，讨论了“旱冬适时适度灌溉，有利于桂味和糯米糍荔枝成花坐果”的看法。The relationship between irrigation in dry winter and the production of Guiwei litchi was studied for two consecutive winters （2009--2010 and 2010--2011）. The trees of Guiwei was rain-sheltered to simulate natural drought processes and treated with different winter irrigation regimes. The relationship of irrigation of Guiwei litchi orchard and it＇s fruit yield were investigated under different winter irrigation treatments. In early 2011, we did the experiment of Nuomici litchi irrigated in dry winter. The results showed that： the more irrigation in dry winter （including natural rain-fed）, the more of Guiwei litchi flowering rate, also to improve Guiwei and Nuomici litchi production; most of the irrigation frequency processing into the flowering rate and yield were higher than the irrigation frequency, the less processing. The article discuss a view： ＂timely moderate irrigation of the dry winter, conducive to Guiwei, and Nuomici litchi flower and fruit set＂ from the perspective of the provincial industrial and efficient cultivation management and water-saving irrigation.

关 键 词：荔枝 旱冬 节水灌溉 产量 

分 类 号：S667.1[农业科学—果树学]