师出有名,后发制人——《周易·师卦》经传文字解读  

A Good Reason for Waging a War, to Make a Concession to Obtain an Advantageous Position and Gain Control by Striking Only After the Opponent has Struck——Unscrambling the Book of Changes . Shi Gua (The Army Diagram)

作　　者：孙景龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北民族师范学院,河北承德067000

出　　处：《河北民族师范学院学报》2013年第2期61-64,共4页Journal of Hebei Normal University For Nationalities

基　　金：河北省教育厅高等学校人文社会科学研究项目<<周易>卦爻辞及其文化的现代价值研究>(SZ1290031)研究成果之一

摘　　要：人类生来屯难,智遭蒙蔽,为了心中那些梦想奔走劳碌,以至于衅隙频生,硝烟时起,干戈相向,你死我活。因讼聚众,加以师旅。武力是人类消弭争端的最后手段和无奈形式。易学家虽然反对战争,但是由于战争可能性的存在,并不放弃备战;一旦不虞事端起,举正义之师,用战争消灭战争,维护和捍卫国家尊严。战争给人类带来的灾难是惨重的。战争之后,或形成新的权力中心,或实现权力和利益的重新分配,同时人民也获得了暂时的和平与安宁,而权力中心无疑是最大的既得利益者。盖尧舜之后,有国有家者,无不因征战而得立宗庙。纵观师卦卦爻辞,盖圣人于兴师,主张坚持两个原则,一是正义,后发制人,二是任贤,知人善任,用则不疑。Human is really unfortunate.They are not easy to make a living,and try their best to work hard or toil for some dreams in life so that they have troubles and contradiction and even use of military force.Force is a last resort and unavoidable for mankind to eliminate disputes.Though scholars of The Book of Changes are against war,they don’t give up war preparation due to the possibility of war existence;Once an unexpected war takes place,a nation should use armed forces with a just cause to get rid of the war with war so as to protect and defend the national dignity.Although war is heavy disaster to mankind,any new dynasty or power center is founded by war.From Shi Gua（The Use Military Forces Hexagram）of The Book of Changes,it shows us that a saint adheres to two principles in using an army： one is justice,making a concession to obtain an advantageous position and gaining control by striking only after the opponent has struck;the other is to appoint somebody on his or her merits only,discovering able people and putting them at suitable posts without any doubt.

关 键 词：容民畜众 正义之师 后发制人 知人善任 

分 类 号：I207[文学—中国文学]