基于水量供需平衡分析的江淮丘陵区塘坝灌区抗旱能力评价  

Assessment of drought resistance ability for pond and retaining dam irrigated area of Jianghuai hilly area based on water supply and demand balance analysis

作　　者：金菊良[1,2] 原晨阳[1] 蒋尚明[3] 许浒[3] 

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学土木与水利工程学院,安徽合肥230009 [2]合肥工业大学水资源与环境系统工程研究所,安徽合肥230009 [3]安徽省·水利部淮河水利委员会水利科学研究院,安徽省水利水资源重点实验室,安徽蚌埠233000

出　　处：《水利学报》2013年第5期534-541,共8页Journal of Hydraulic Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71273081;51109052);水利部重大基建前期项目"全国干旱区划及旱灾风险评估研究";水利部公益性行业科研专项经费项目(200901077;201001043);中国气象局成都高原气象开放实验室基金课题(LPM2011002)资助

摘　　要：综合考虑气象条件、农业种植结构及塘坝建设情况,提出了基于水量供需平衡分析的塘坝灌区抗旱能力概念及其计算模型。应用结果表明:江淮丘陵区5地市及全区塘坝灌区抗旱能力在20世纪60年代达到了历史上较高的水平,此后呈波动下降趋势,至21世纪初又有所提高,客观地反应了50年代至今江淮丘陵区塘坝灌区抗旱能力的历史演变特征;塘坝塘容、作物水旱比和复种指数对塘坝灌区抗旱能力影响较大,建议从增加塘坝蓄水量、调整种植结构合理性两方面采取供需双侧管理措施来进一步提高塘坝灌区抗旱能力。该模型直观,计算结果符合实际情况,可应用于塘坝灌区抗旱能力计算。Accurate assessment of drought resistance ability for pond and retaining dam irrigated area of Ji-anghuai hilly area is of great significance in formulating scientific plans of drought management, adjusting reasonable crop growth structure in the area, and suggesting the ordered construction of pond and retaining dam engineering. The concept and calculating model of pond and retaining dam irrigated area drought resis-tance ability were presented in consideration of meteorology, crop growth structure, pond and retaining dam construction. The achieved results indicate that the pond and retaining dam irrigated area drought resistance ability of five cities and the area had reached maximum in the 1960s, and then decreased with fluctua-tion, at the beginning of the 21st century, the tendency have slightly increased. The model objectively shows the progress of drought resistance ability for pond and retaining dam irrigated area in Jianghuai hilly area from 1950s to the beginning of the 21st century. The elements that influence resistance ability for pond and retaining dam irrigated area include the capacity of pond and retaining dam, the paddy field and dry-farming grow proportion, multiple-crop index. For increasing the drought resistance ability of pond and retaining dam irrigated area, the measures of enhancing the capacity of pond and adjusting the crop growth structure should be implemented. With the advantages of intuition and conforming to reality, the model is fit to assess the drought resistance ability of pond and retaining dam irrigated area.

关 键 词：塘坝灌区 抗旱能力评价 农业灌溉 灌溉需水量 可供水量 江淮丘陵区 

分 类 号：S423[农业科学—植物保护]