基于能耗率的黄河下游河型变化趋势分析  

Analysis of channel pattern changes in the lower Yellow River based on the rate of energy dissipation

作　　者：徐国宾[1] 赵丽娜[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学水利工程仿真与安全国家重点实验室,天津300072

出　　处：《水利学报》2013年第5期622-626,共5页Journal of Hydraulic Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金创新研究群体科学基金资助项目(51021004);国家自然科学基金资助项目(50679053)

摘　　要：利用黄河下游21a实测水文数据,逐年计算了其中6个河段的单位水流功率,分析了各河段的演化发展特征。研究结果表明:黄河下游弯曲河段的单位水流功率小于游荡河段的单位水流功率,过渡型河段的单位水流功率介于弯曲河段和游荡河段的单位水流功率之间;花-夹和夹-高游荡型河段21a的单位水流功率变化幅度较大,说明这两个河段的游荡特性至今没有得到改善,远离相对平衡状态;高-孙和孙-艾过渡型河段的单位水流功率逐渐下降,且自90年代中期以来变化幅度不大,其游荡特性已逐渐消失,越来越趋近于相对平衡状态;艾-泺和泺-利弯曲型河段21a的单位水流功率围绕着其平均值变化幅度越来越小,趋于相对平衡状态。Based on the data of the lower Yellow River during the range of 21 years, the unit stream pow-er was analyzed for 6 reaches and the law of the river evolution was investigated. The results show that the unit stream power of the meandering reach is lower than the one in the wandering reach, and the unit stream power of the transitional reach is higher than the one in the meandering reach but lower than the one in the wandering reach. Furthermore, the unit stream power of both Huayuankou-Jiahetan and Jiahet- an-Gaocun reaches varies in a very large range, which means that the wandering characteristic of the reach-es has not been improved so far and the reaches are far away from the relative state of equilibrium. While, the unit stream power of Gaocun-Sunkou and Sunkou-Aishan reaches has decreased and varied in a relative small range since the mid-1990s, which means that the wandering characteristic has gradually disappeared and the reaches are more and more closer to the relative state of equilibrium. Besides, the unit stream power of Aishan-Luokou and Luokou-Lijin meandering reaches within the range of 21 years var-ies around its average value and the reaches are close to the relative state of equilibrium.

关 键 词：黄河下游河道 河型 能耗率 熵产生 单位水流功率 

分 类 号：TV147[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]