接种好氧颗粒污泥快速启动硝化工艺的过程研究  

Study on Rapid Start-up of a Nitrifying Process Using Aerobic Granular Sludge as Seed Sludge

作　　者：刘文如[1] 沈耀良[1,2] 丁玲玲[1] 丁敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]苏州科技学院环境科学与工程学院,苏州215009 [2]苏州科技学院江苏省环境科学与工程重点实验室,苏州215009

出　　处：《环境科学》2013年第6期2302-2308,共7页Environmental Science

基　　金：江苏省高校自然科学研究重大项目(12KJA610002);江苏省普通高校研究生科研创新计划项目(CXZZ12_0857)

摘　　要：中温(28～30℃)条件下,以自配无机氨氮废水为研究对象,在柱形SBR反应器中接种好氧颗粒污泥,通过逐步提升进水NH4+-N浓度(100～1 000 mg·L-1)和缩短水力停留时间(8～4 h),快速启动硝化颗粒污泥工艺.系统运行约30 d时,进水NH4+-N负荷达3.9 kg·(m3.d)-1,NH4+-N平均去除率在95%以上;后续高负荷运行阶段,氨氧化速率达5.0 kg·(m3.d)-1左右;反应器中出现亚硝酸盐持续积累的现象,25～70 d期间,NO2--N积累速率达2～4.5 kg·(m3.d)-1;尽管进水组分发生变化(COD/N),且进水负荷波动频繁,但整个运行过程中污泥始终保持良好的颗粒结构,SVI为30～40 mL·g-1,36 d时粒径大于0.21 mm的颗粒污泥约占污泥的93%(质量分数);颗粒污泥由接种时的浅黄色逐渐变为棕黄色,部分变为棕色.结果表明,以好氧颗粒污泥接种是快速启动硝化工艺和形成硝化颗粒污泥的关键.Using synthetic ammonia-rich wastewater as influent,rapid start-up of the nitrification reactor was attained in a laboratoryscale column-type sequencing batch reactor（SBR） inoculated with aerobic granular sludge,by gradually increasing the influent NH4＋-N concentration（100-1 000 mg·L-1） and decreasing the hydraulic retention time（8-4 h） under mesophilic condition（2830℃）.The influent loading rate of NH4＋-N reached 3.9 kg.（m3.d）-1 and the average ammonia removal efficiency was above 95% within one month.Values of ammonia oxidizing rate（AOR） as high as 5.0 kg.（m3.d）-1 was obtained in the following operational stage with extremely high nitrogen loading rate.Nitrite accumulation obviously occurred during the start-up period.The nitrite accumulation rate reached 2-4.5 kg.（m3.d）-1 from day 25 to 70.In spite of the change in the feeding composition（COD/N ratio） and the frequent fluctuations of nitrogen loading rate,the granules maintained their structures,with the SVI of 30-40 mL.g-1.The amount of granules with diameter larger than 0.21 mm was about 93%（mass fraction） of the total on day 36.The granular color changed from yellow to brownish-yellow,and some turned brown in this study.All these results suggested the critical role of aerobic granular sludge as seed sludge for the rapid start-up of nitrifying processes and the formation of nitrifying granules.

关 键 词：好氧颗粒污泥 硝化工艺 硝化颗粒污泥 短程硝化 接种 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]