重金属污染土壤的植物修复对“环保育种”的呼唤  

Requirement of 'Environmental Breeding' for Phytoremediation of Heavy Metal Contaminated Soils

作　　者：吴大付[1] 朱东海[2] 吴海卿[2] 张莉[1] 任秀娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南科技学院资源与环境学院,河南新乡453003 [2]中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所,河南新乡453003

出　　处：《北方园艺》2013年第10期190-194,共5页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家"863"计划资助项目(2012AA101404)

摘　　要：因人类活动诸如采矿、冶炼、电镀、电源和燃料生产、垃圾堆积过程和农业集约化中化肥、农药、除草剂等大量和超量使用等排入到环境中,导致重金属污染土壤,带来了严重的后果。而植物对重金属的抗性、避性和富集性及超富集性,使得污染土壤的植物修复和利用成为可能。由于自然的超富集植物具有地域性、植物种类的差异性,且忍耐重金属浓度的有限性,因此,超富集植物具有修复时间长的特点。现针对重金属污染土壤的修复和利用提出了"环保育种"的概念,以及开展"环保育种"的基础和广阔的应用前景。为加快修复和利用被重金属污染的土壤,"环保育种"迫在眉睫。As a result of human activities such as mining and smelting of metalliferous ores, electroplating,energy and fuel production,and fertilizer and pesticides of intensive agriculture, the soil polluted by heavy metals, and the serious consequences are brought about. Because the plants have resistance,avoidance,bloaccumulation and hyperaccumulation to heavy metals,it is possible for using plants to remediation the contaminated soil by heavy metals and utilizing these polluted soils to produce production. However, the natural hyperaceumutors have the endemic features, and differed among plant species. At the same time, these plants have the limited level of heavy metals concentration,thereby,the phytoremediation cost long time to remediation the polluted soils by heavy metals. The concept of ‘environmental breeding＇ was first put forward in the paper. Then the bases of ‘environmental breeding＇ were discussed. Therefore the ‘environmental breeding＇ will have the broad：application prospects. In order to accelerate the phytoremediation speed,the environmental breeding will be imminent.

关 键 词：重金属 污染土壤 “环保育种” 植物修复 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]