废彩色阴极射线管玻璃的X和γ射线屏蔽特性  

Discussions of X-ray and γ-ray Shielding Characteristics of Glasses from Dismantled Color Cathode Ray Tubes

作　　者：程俊华[1] 张健 陈刚 徐新民 王沛钊[1] 石君军[1] 

机构地区：[1]盐城工学院,江苏盐城271018 [2]南京环务资源再生科技有限公司,江苏南京210098

出　　处：《环境工程技术学报》2013年第3期253-258,共6页Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology

基　　金：江苏省科技支撑计划项目(BE2010619);江苏省新型环境保护重点实验室开放课题(AE201110)

摘　　要：废电视机和计算机监视器产生了数量庞大的废阴极射线管(CRTs),已成为全球面临的环境风险,迫切需要找出新的处置方法和再利用途径来化解风险。用Χ和γ射线标准剂量测定装置(QH16),XRF,ICP,XRD和灰熔点炉等试验手段测试了废彩色CRTs玻璃的铅当量、化学组成和烧结等特性,并与钢、铁矿石、重晶石等进行对比;讨论了废彩色CRTs玻璃的X和γ射线质量衰减系数,能量吸收特性和辐射屏蔽能力。结果表明,废彩色CRTs玻璃所含的Pb、Ba、Sr、Sb、Ce、Zn等金属元素具有优良的Χ和γ射线屏蔽性能,将其通过烧结法制备成射线屏蔽材料是控制污染和再利用的有效途径。Large quantities of dismantled cathode ray tube （CRT） wastes from used computer monitors and TV sets have become a major environmental risk in the world. New disposal and re-use approaches are needed to address the risk. The lead equivalent, chemical composition and sintering characteristics of the glasses from dismantled color CRTs were tested by QH16 X,γ-ray standard dosimetry device, XRF, ICP, XRD and ash fusibility furnace, and the results were compared with those of steel, iron ore and barite et al.. The mass attenuation coefficients, X- ray and γ-ray absorption, and radiation protecting capabilities of the glasses were discussed. The results showed that the constituents of the glasses, such as Pb, Ba, Sr, Sb, Ce, Zn, were effective for the radiation protection. The preparing of the radiation shielding materials with these wastes using sintering treatment technique could be an effective approach to their pollution control and utilization.

关 键 词：彩色阴极射线管玻璃 X射线 Γ射线 能量吸收特性 屏蔽材料 烧结 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]