上海市城郊河道夏季浮游植物群落结构及水质评价  

Assessment of phytoplankton community structure and water quality in the seven suburb rivers of Shanghai in summer

作　　者：李为星[1] 徐玉萍[1] 王丽卿[1] 季高华[1] 张玮[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306

出　　处：《上海海洋大学学报》2013年第3期357-363,共7页Journal of Shanghai Ocean University

基　　金：上海市水务局科技项目(沪水科2011-07);水务"十二五"河道生态治理技术指南研究及编制(D-8005-11-0325)

摘　　要：2011年8月调查了上海市城郊7个区县7条生态治理试点工程河道浮游植物种类组成、生物数量和水质理化因子状况。应用主成分分析(PCA)和典范对应分析(CCA)讨论了浮游植物数量与水质环境因子之间的关系,并且评价了城郊河道水环境状况。共鉴定出浮游植物8门189种,其中绿藻门74种;硅藻门45种;蓝藻门41种;裸藻门18种;黄藻门4种;隐藻门和甲藻门各3种;金藻门1种,优势种多为绿藻门、蓝藻门和硅藻门。PCA分析表明,溶解氧、氮磷营养因子是影响浮游植物密度变化的主要因素。典范对应分析表明,悬浮物、氮磷营养因子、高锰酸盐指数和pH是影响浮游植物群落结构的主要驱动因子。用浮游植物群落结构(生物数量和优势度)结合生物多样性指数判定青浦李腰泾和奉贤钱中河介于中-富营养型(β-α-ms)和富营养型(α-ms)之间,金山斜泾港为中-富营养型(β-α-ms)水体,其它4条河介于中营养型(β-ms)和中-富营养型(β-α-ms)之间。本次调查检出的针晶蓝纤维藻、啮蚀隐藻、梅尼小环藻等9种藻类可作为评价受测试河道水质的污染指示种。The community composition and density of the phytoplankton and environmental factors of 7 rivers in 7 destricts of Shanghai in August of 2011 were intestigated . In order to provide scientific basis to control the pollution , principal components analysis （PCA） and canonical correspondence analysis （CCA） were applied to analyze the relationships between the phytoplankton community structure and water parameters and to assess the environmental status of the water quality in the suburbs. 189 species of 8 phyla were identified , including Chlorophyta （74 species） , Bacillariophyta （45 species） , Cyanophyta （41 species） , Euglenophyta （18 species）, Xanthophyceae （4 species ）, Cryptophyta （3 species）, Pyrroptata （3 species） and Chrysophyta（ 1 species）. The dominent species were Chlorophyta, Cyanophyta and Bacillariophyta. PCA analysis showed that DO, water nitrogen, phosphorus and CODM~, were the main chemical factors affecting the phytoplankton abundance in the water bodies. CCA analysis indicated that SS, water nitrogen, phosphorus, CODMn and pH were the main factors driving the phytoplankton abundance and community structure. Results from combining biomass and dominance with diversity index of phytoplankon community structure showed that Liyaojing River in Qingpu and Qianzhong River in Fengxian district were in mesotrophic-to-eutrophic state, Xiejinggang River in Jinshan district was in mesotrophic, others were in mesotrophic-to-eutrophic state. Phytoplankton such as Dactylococcopsis rhaphidioides, Cryptomonas erosa and Cyclotella menighiniana etc were defined as the pollution indicator species of rivers in suburb in summer.

关 键 词：浮游植物 典范对应分析 环境因子 水质评价 污染指示种 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学] X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]