紫花苜蓿对蛭石改良某煤矿表土替代材料的响应  

Response of Purple Alfalfa for Vermiculite as Material Substitute Modifying the Surface Soil of an Open-pit Mine

作　　者：位蓓蕾[1,2] 陈玉玖[3] 胡振琪[1] 林杉[1,2] 杨洁[1,2] 李耀[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)土地复垦与生态重建研究所 [2]矿山生态安全教育部工程研究中心 [3]神华宝日希勒能源有限公司

出　　处：《金属矿山》2013年第5期131-134,152,共5页Metal Mine

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项(编号:2010YD03)

摘　　要：对于环境恶劣且表土缺乏的露天矿区,选择适宜的改良剂对表土替代材料进行科学合理的改良,是实现露天矿区排土场生态恢复的关键,而作物生长性能和抗逆性能的发挥是改良剂改良效果的体现。试验目的是研究蛭石对紫花苜蓿(苗期,下同))生长性能和抗逆性能的影响,进而评价蛭石对矿区表土替代材料的改良效果。试验采用单因素随机试验设计,以当地表土作为对照组,褐土作为改良对象,蛭石对干土的添加量设置为0、10、30、50 g/kg 4个水平,每个水平3个重复。试验结果为蛭石对紫花苜蓿的叶面积、株高、根长、生物量、SOD酶活、CAT酶活、细胞膜透性等指标均有显著影响(P<0.05),对其叶绿素、POD活性无显著影响(P>0.05)。试验结果表明,在该试验设定的蛭石添加量范围内,紫花苜蓿的生长性能和抗逆性能与蛭石的添加量不存在线性关系,蛭石对干土的添加量为10 g/kg时最有利于紫花苜蓿生长和抗逆性能的发挥,此添加量对褐土改良效果最佳。Choosing appropriate modifier as substitute of surface soil for scientific and reasonable improvement is the key for reclamation of overburden dumps in topsoil deficient area and adverse circumstances. Growth performance and stress resistance of crop is the response of the modifying effect. This experiment aims to research the effect of vermiculite to the growth performance and stress resistance of alfalfa and then evaluates its modifying effect on the cinnamon soil in mining area. In the experiment, single-factor with completed random is adopted. Local normal surface soil is used as control group and cinnamon soil as modified object. There are four parallel tests-0, 10,30,50 g/kg vermiculite according to the added content of dry soil and each parallel test has three repeated experiment. The results showed that the vermiculite has obvious influence on the indexes of leaf area, plant height, root length, biomass, SOD activity, CAT activity, cell membrane permeability and so on（P 〈0. 05）at alfalfa seedling stage. But it has no obvious influence on content of chlorophyll and POD activity （ P 〉 0. 05 ） of alfalfa. It turns out that the growth performance and stress resistance of alfalfa do not have linear relation with added content of vermiculite. When the addition of vermiculite is 50 g/kg, it has the best improving effect on growth performance and stress resistance of alfalfa, and the best improvement for cinnamon soil.

关 键 词：排土场复垦 表土替代材料 紫花苜蓿 蛭石 露天煤矿 

分 类 号：S541.9[农业科学—作物学]