36例肉芽肿性肺疾病的临床分析  

Clinical Analysis of Granulomatous Lung Disease:36 Cases Report

作　　者：李锋[1] 陈宇清[1] 包爱华[1] 周新[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学附属第一人民医院呼吸科,上海200080

出　　处：《中国呼吸与危重监护杂志》2013年第3期274-278,共5页Chinese Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

基　　金：上海市卫生局局级科研课题(编号:20114274)

摘　　要：目的分析肉芽肿性肺疾病患者的临床资料,分析病因,总结临床表现、影像学特征、实验室结果。方法收集2008年1月到2012年6月在上海交通大学附属第一人民医院经病理诊断为肺部肉芽肿病变患者36例,对临床表现、影像学特征、实验室检查进行统计学处理和分析。结果经过HE染色联合特殊染色诊断结核感染肉芽肿13例,曲霉感染肉芽肿5例,隐球菌感染肉芽肿4例,结节病6例,韦格纳肉芽肿4例,病因不明4例。最常见的临床症状为咳嗽,其次为咳痰,部分患者可伴有发热、胸闷、体重减轻。病灶分布广,结核感染肉芽肿常见部位为右上肺,曲霉感染肉芽肿多分布在右下肺。隐球菌感染的部位不定。结节病和韦格纳肉芽肿的病灶多位于左上肺。病灶形态以结节为主,也可有肿块、实变,胸部CT影像可见空洞、支气管充气征、胸腔积液、纵隔淋巴结和肺门淋巴结肿大。γ干扰素释放分析试验、半乳甘露聚糖检测试验、乳胶凝集试验分别有助于结核、曲霉、隐球菌等感染性肉芽肿的诊断。结论肉芽肿性肺疾病的临床表现和胸部影像特征不具特征性,通过肺活检方法取得组织病理是确诊的关键。同时,免疫学检查、微生物新型抗原检测、临床微生物检测对肉芽肿性肺疾病的诊断、鉴别诊断有一定的意义。Objective To analyze the data from patients with pathologically proved granulomatous lung disease, including etiology, clinical, radiological features and laboratory results. Methods 36 patients with granulomatous lung disease confirmed by lung biopsy in Shanghai First People＇ s Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University from January 2008 to June 2012 were retrospectively reviewed. The clinical presentation, radiological features and laboratory results were collected and statistically analyzed. Results After haematoxylin and eosin stain combined with special stain, the diagnoses were comfirmed,/e. 13 cases of mycobacterial infection, 5 cases of aspergillar infection, 4 cases of cryptococcal infection, 6 cases of sarcoidosis,4 cases of Wegener＇ s granulomatosis,4 cases of unknown causes. Cough was the most common clinical symptom, followed by expectoration. Some patients also developed fever, chest tightness and weight loss. The lesions were widely distributed, of which the right upper lung was the common lesion of mycobacterial infection, inferior lobe of right lung was the common lesion of aspergillar infection. The common lesion of cryptococcal infection was uncertain. The common lesions of sarcoidosis and Wegener＇ s granulomatosis were in left upper lung. Small nodule was the most common shapes of lesion, while mass and consolidation were present sometimes. Cavity, air bronchogram, pleural effusion, hilar and mediastinal lymph node enlargement could be found in the chest CT. Interferon gamma release assay, galactomannan antigen assay and latex agglutination test were helpful in the diagnosis of mycobacterial infection, aspergillar infection and cryptococcal infection induced granuloma. Conclusions The clinical presentations and radiological features of granulomatous lung disease are nonspecific. Histopathology obtained through biopsy is the key for the diagnosis. Immunological examination, test of new antigens to microorganism and clinical microorganism detection are valuble in the diagnosis and different

关 键 词：肉芽肿性肺疾病 活检 临床表现 影像学特征 

分 类 号：R563.9[医药卫生—呼吸系统]